Farfel Notebook 02: Leaves 065-134

81 June 78 Madliger-Schwab Zurich $25.91 50F Des XXVI Capitel sagt wie Cistus Ward ab dem kruc? genommen.- b egins P2 ends p5(of10) my leaf is p3 (middle of volume) 4 German + 2 Latin pages - no woodcut. Speculum Humanae Salvationis cum speculo S. Mariae Vinginis (Latin - German) [German] Spiegel der Menschlichen Behaltniss. Augsburg: Gunther Zainer 1473 Printed in the monastery of SS Ulrich + Afra at Augsburg (to a metrical summary by Frater Johannes of ) Sche 5273 ef BMC II 338. Ref: Goff 5670 BMC II 321, 338 H. 14929 Rosenwald 39 Cop: HEHL LC(R) NYPL, PML 12x7 1/4 28.7cm to 35 205 (actual size) Chancery folio. 270 leaves 33 lines 195x124mm Type 118b to 200 woodcut illustrations (192) - 15 repeats Capitals (3), but also spaces. -one of the most beautigul illustrated dooks to be created in Northern Europe. Gunther Zainer of Reutlingen completed his 1st dated book [crossed out] on Aug 12 [end crossed out] at Augsburg on 12 March 1468. He died on 13 April 1478. The main idea of the Spiegel Menschlichen Behaltris was the same as that of the Biblia Pamperum, ie a harmony between incidents of the Old + New Testaments, and of the German type - printed versions some were fairly independent (like G. Zainer's) + others more directly influenced in design by the Bibla Pamperum. The high period of German illustrated books was initiated by the two Zainers - Gunther + Johann - relatives who had worked at Strassburg but who moved on To Augsburg + Ulm respectively. Originally scribes + illuminators, they had probably recieved this training as printer at the workshop of J. Mentelin Zainer printed his first 2 illustrated books in 1471+2. In 1475-6 G. Zainer printed the * Speigel de menschlichen Lebert R231 (H. 13948) (Mirror of Human Life) a vernacular edition of one of the most popular medieval texts which described the advantages + disadvantages of way career rotation in life. To the new book Zainer added large printed block capitals in the design

*a German Translation by H Steinhowel of the Speculum Humanae Vitae by R. Zamorensis (Rodeveus, bishop of Zamora)

#317 Bibliotheck Otto Schafer- 192 Holzachuitte von 178 Stocken Stammer vom Bambler - Meister. known as "maibluman", lilies of the of the valley, that came to be widely used in Agsburg + Ulm. G. Zainer Produced an enormous number of books - 36,000 copies, over a hundred editions smae off his press + he became one of the wealthiest citizens of the commercial city of Augsburg. -the book deals to the story of the redemption of mankind through Christ -the earliest illustrated book of G. Zainer - Wintertheil (1471)

Augsburg - 1st printing press established there in 1418 by G Zainer - total output - around 120 books. Zainer very likely learned the art of printing from Z Mentelin in Strassburg [inserted] C. Fairfax murray Z240 M98 [end inserted] #399 1st edition in Latin + German together + the first of the German text. Gothic letter, 35 long lines to a full page. Folion 310x215mm. There are 192 boldly designed cuts 74x119mm each to double borderline. Only 16/15 of the 192 cuts are said to be repeats. 1) Glassa Orfinaria (Ansulm of Leon) 2) Biblia Pamperum d. 1117 3) Speculum Lumanae salvationis works which dictated the manner in which subjects drawn from the Bible should be heated in art. -seems to have been composed by Ludolph of Saxony, a Dominican friar abouth the year 1324. There are 42 chapters each containing a hundred lines of Latin verse. 4) Postillae - Nicholas de Lyra - checked artistic license + restrained popular enthusiesm - made it his prime concern to arrive at an exact understanding of the literal sense of Scripture.

The lines of scriptural interpretation which prevailed throughout the middle ages were laid down by Augustine when he said, "In the Old Testament the new lies hid; in the New Testament the Old becomes clean" (Comm. in Exodum 73) The basic function of the Speculum is to show how incidents in the life of Christ are prefigured by many

Speculum humenae salvationis - written by a Dominican around 1224 - may be seen as a link between the theology of the Middle Ages in art + the use made of it in literature others in the Old Testament + ancient history. Bible Moralisie - a much more extended affair in which each of the chosen incidents in the Bible is accompanied by a miniature illustration its according to the principles of medieval exercise.

bibliae pauperum - went in the Old Testament were shown to have an allegorical or prophetic signigicance by juxtaposition to comparable events in the gospels, an interpretative process known as typology originated in a Benedictine monastery; somewhere in Bavaria or Anothia for the instruction of lay brothers. Speculum - consists of 45 chapters of typological comparisons of biblical events and even uses some profane stories The difference between the bibi pauperum + the Speculum is that in the frame the chief emphasis is laid on the picture while in the latter it is on the text -specula - "minor literature"; postillen - collection of sermons. The among mous Speculum humanse salvationis had an interesting tradition of illust. embracing manuscripts, block broke + printed books. -3 prototypes are in every instance adduced in explanation of each episode of the New Testament, the 4 parts together forming a chapter. 42 chapters form the body of the work. 3 additional chapters consist of mystical reflection on the 7 Stations of the Passion, the 7 sorrows of Mary + the 7 Joys of Mary respectively. Chief sources - Bible, Historia Scholastica + the Legenda Aurea, as well as the Summa Theologica of S. Thomas Aquinas Type 118 - a 2nd Gothic type. Used from 1471 onwards. Duplicate forms of ADMS + other letters are found in its earliest state; a paragraph mark was added in 1474 (118b). Ludolf von Sachenn - compiled in or about 1324 probably by a Strassbourg monk, who although a Dominican to start later became a Carthusian,

82 May 78 Harold T. Storcy Antiquarian Books 3 Cecil Court London WC2N 4EZ Tel. 01-836 3777 $4.10 fl. 1429 [inserted] supposed to have been a fellow Balliol Gollege Oxford. [end inserted] Alexander Angelus (Anglicus) (Fabricius Fabritius) Carpentarius (Filuis Fabri) Destructoricum Vitiorum Pars Sexta Cap ix Paris: Pierre Levet: 11 April 1497. P. Levet, for Johannes de Coblenz, Pierre Levet + Michel Morim 4th ed. an invective against Church abuses. Ref: Goff A394, H. 653, GW 868, BMC VIII 103 Cop: St Bon UL York Cathedral L. P 8069 Paris B Maz #65, BN Types 1,2,8 Folio. 286 Leaves, 28 blank, 2 col. 56 lines + headlines 220(227)x153mm Types 200 G, title; 113 G headlines (numbers of parts + (also Printed by A Koberger - 1496 H. 652) chapters) etc. 81(78) G. Marginal section letters + section numbers. and the next year he entered into partnership to Jean Alise at -afterwards we find him working alone again to considerable activity to 1490.* [inserted]Claudim Ref Z144 C61f. Vol 1. [end inserted] P Levet began his carriere in 1485 - the oldest impression which bears his name is l'Exposition de l'Orsison dominicale Pater rooter.] l'alphabet de ce type de batarde gothique special a P Levet, qui l'employa le premier; le meme caractere fut copie depuis par d'autres imprimeus. Levet reservait son caractere de batarde pour les livres francais. *petite gothique dite lettre de somme avec une lettre capitale M d'une forme particuliere. -vers la fin de 1499, nous trouvons Levet associe avec Rasoul Couturier et Jean Hardoain et tous trois travaillent pour Michel le Noir, librarie du port St. Michel -Ses liones illustres sums etre aussi remarquables que cent de Du Pre et de Guy Marchant, ont cependont un certain cachet artistique. Gerald R. Owst Preaching in Medieval England 279.2 097 * Towards the end of the Century he once more entered into partnership to others Radulophus coustmier + Johan Handomin.

A Carpentarius was living at the begining of the 15th C. He was the son of an English carpenter + one ot the 1st followers of Jean Wieliffe, the founder of the English Reform Church

- P. Levet active from 1485-1502 specialized in cheap quarts + octave tracts of legal , theological + classic texts for the use of Sorbonne students, but [?oce?]. produced a more notable work. His address changed several times - at 1st his press was in the rue St. Jacques a l'Eglise St severin prek petit pont. -Latin compendia of faith + morals. - presents an almost unrivalled panorama of the whole [inserted] 824.2 H373 out [end inserted] field of medieval popular preaching in its final stage of cultivation from the 15th C onwards, its charactership teaching are its favourite topics + illustrations, + its recognized authorities. - a treatise which enjoyed a considerable popularity in the 15th + 16th C + was begug according to the colophon in one of its early printed editions in 1429. - the 1st treatise to confront us in the moral domain when the 15th C is reached - belonged to a significant group of contemporary clerical agitatons for ecclesiasical reform in England. -manuscripts Balliol College, Oxford Peterhouse, Cambridge - In terms so applicable to one medean motorists he declares that those who will not go a league unless they are in the saddle might as well have no fact at all Destructium Vitiorum was 6 times printed 1516, + was finally reprinted at Venice as late as 1582. - a vast unoriginal compendium of the vices, boasting an almost unfivalled succession of printed editions down to the year 1521 (Cologne 1480,1485 Nuemberg 1491, 1500 Paris 1497, 1500, 1505, 1509, 1516, 1521) G.W. Oeust - Whatever has to be said about the decline of notable preaching as the Reformation approaches, the pulpit references books have a career which only flourshes the more as later years increase the power + efficency of the printing press. Nevertheless, it is not hard to understand why, as an independent art, preaching wellnigh perished overwhelmed to such a surfeit of written material, In a polite + official world of Latin + French, the pulpit alone had maintained a regular public use of the English Tong as by educated men from the days of the Conquest.