Farfel Notebook 09: Leaves 572-618

In some of the best manuscripts the pages were stained dark blue or black + carefully polished before being inscribed using gold + silver inks. This practice, attested in Tibed since the very beginning of the 2nf diffusion of Buddhism in the 11th C. could have had a far-eastern origin with its prototypes in the Chinese copies of the sutras on blue paper. Gold + silver MSS on blue paper were alos produced in Nepal + it is not clear if they represent an Indian tradition or an influence from contemporary Tibetan MSS. Although the materials used were very different, the Indian format of the pothi was adopted for most Tibetan MSS. Tibetan MSS are normally written on locally produced pages with the pages wider than long in order to imitate the shape, if not the size + the proportions of Indian palmleaf pages. Of the 2 main forms of the Tibetan alphabet, the ucen (dbu-can) regular style + the ume (dbu-med) cursive, only the former was used to copy canonical religious texts because its more time consuming execution provided greater merits to the donor.

611 Bill Mayer St. Petersburg, Fl. Dec. '04 $24.00

Arndt, Johann (1555-1621) See #614 Wahre's Christenthum 8^0 (Des hocherleuchteten Theologi.......) Philadelphia: Benjamin Franklin et Johann Bohm, 1751 Ref: Evans 6630. Hildeburn, C.R. Pennsylvania, 1204 Miller 520 Copy: HEHL, Yale, Lib. of Congress, Boston Public L

[32], 1356 p. [64] leaves of plates: ill., port. The plates, printed abroad have descriptive text on verso, which is numbered in duplicate with page opposite.

Arndt's Wahres Chistenthum, 1551 was the larges book printed in Philadelphia before 1800. Partnership with J. Bohm - 1748 to 1751. my leaf {p. 351 Cap. VI beruhet des Menschen Seligkeit {p. 352 In der Verienigung mit Christo II. Buch. (In the unity with Christ)

Paper American I 2-300 Book I (Liber Scripturae 301-303, 304-752 Book II (Liber Vitae Christus) 753, 754-876 Book III (Liber Conscientiae) 877-878, 879-1064 Book IV (Liber Naturae) 1065-1066, 1067-1204 Book V 1025-1026, 1207-1277 Book VI Type: Text in fraktur Cicero (82-84mm) + roman Pica notes in fraktur Garmond (68mm) + roman long primer.

Benjamin Franlin considered himself a printer above all esle. His famous epitaph immortalized this view: "The body of Benjamin Franklin, Printer (like the cover of an old book, its contents torn out and stripped of lettering + gilding), lies here, food for worms; but the work shall not be lost, for it will appear once more in a new + more elegant edition, revised and corrected by the Author." -WIlliam Bradford set up the first press in Philadelphia in 1685 (Kalendarium) Through the enterprise of Braford + William Rittenhouse, a papermaking business was begun in Pennsylvania in 1690.

Book I - 42 chapters HEHL #249037 Cap. VI - begins 348 ends 354 Book II Cap. I begins 304 Cap. LVIII ends 752 #334356 London, 1646. English. Part 1 - 42 chapters

612 Ulaanbaator-46 Mongolia (punbark) Jan' 05 $14.99

See #610 #609 Mongol manuscript book in Uighur script 18-19 C? 21.5 x 8.5 cm. 4 leaves written with a pen in black, red + yellow ink on thin discolored brown paper, frayed at the edges. THe first leaf (page 1) opens with 10 vertical lines fo script within a ruled border. Pages 2 through 6 each contain 18 vertical lines fo text within ruled borders. Pages 2 through 6 each contain 18 vertcal lines of text within ruled borders. THe last leaf (pages 7 + 8) is blank. Leaves 2 + 3 are numbered along the left border.

Uighur script, is an alphabetic script written vertically from top to bottom with lines progressing from left to right. Mondol script was instituted in 1204 by order of Chinggis Khaan. It has been in continuous use from then until the present day. In the mid 20th C Cyrillic letters replaced Uighur letters under the influence of COmmunist Russia.

The Uighur (Uigur, Uygur or Uygar) were a Turkic people who adopted the alphabet from Sogdian in the 9th C.

-Classic Mongolian hand written with a pen or a brush + printed from a woodcut block. "Smithsonian" 3110-"Arabic script of the Uighur language (related to Turkish)."

THe Uighurs originally wrote their script horizontally but under Chinese influence it became a vertically written script. When the Mondols adopted the script, they also wrote in vertical lines. In the early era of using the script, the ductus + appearance of the script closely resembled the Uighur script, but over time a distinct Mongol ductus was developed. The main centers of literacy among the Mongols were goverment offices, where administrative + lega documents were drafted + recorded, + where political + official histories were written; the other centers were the temples + monasteries which became increasingly significant as centers of literacy + administration as the role fo the Buddhist church came to pervade the entire Mongolian society.