Box 22, Folder 11: Water Levels-Various Data, 1865-1873

53

[Sketch of canal]

Four stakes were set (at a b c d in above) all precisely of the same level, and measurements made to the surface of the water at a & b, and to the top of th weir at c & d.

Frances formula

[Data foruma]

Q=Quantity in cubic feet pr [minute] second L-Length of weir n-number of contractions usually 2 H=depth of weir below surface taken above when it begins to fall in feet.

Nov. 17th 1865

12 7/8 inches water on the same weir 19 1/4 ft long. Depth below water 5 1/2 feet above the weir 1.24 feet. Curve above 0.17Two end contractions. Fall to water below 0.50

Head of water now used by N.& McN-14 ft. Today they are running "tea paper" which requires 20 prct more water than printing paper.

The flame below the weir is 19.90 feet wide was once measured by Mr. Trowbridge when the water area was 64.90 feet and the velocity 68.70 feet per second.=4396.8 cubic feet pr minute.

A "Wattman's Water meter held over the weir, west side gave 84 revolutions per minute [Table of data]

Showing a much more rapid current towards the east side. [Calculations.

Water wheel N & McN makes 78 revolutions in a minute. Head 14 feet-

Goodwin wheel-made by Decker & Seville of Milwaukee.

Race above [calculations]...

Measurement 1st taken Nov 16th Depth of weir below level above 0.96 Level of water below the weir .89 lower than above the weir. Revolutions of meter-[calculations...]

Float measurement in flume [calculations...]

Orton's Mill-Humboldt 2 runs stones 4 1/2 ft diam 110 to 115 revolutions pr minute 24 bushels pr hour pr run of stones 100 barrels of flour br day. The water wheel is called "Central Discharge Wheel"; revolved 60 times in a minute, which was more than is proper or usual. 96 cogg on spur wheel which is on water wheel shaft 39 cogs on pinion which turns the stones.

Weir 9.25 ft long. [calculation]

There are 3 water wheels-one for each pair of stones & one for other machinery.

[sketch]

56

Spouting of fluids-(Seep 66)

Under a head of one foot water flows at the rate of [8.1] feet pr second, and it increases as the square root of the depth

Hence

[Table of Data]

Formula for getting the velocity at any depth

[calculations].

Mr. Daniel Marsh of Rochester N.Y. an Engineer of long experience, especially in milling & hydraulics, called. He had been engaged with Gen'l Quimby to measure the water at Humboldt.

Memoranda of Information communicated by him Nov 20th 1865

Rochester Mills now make about 50 barrels flour pr day pr run of stones; in 1842-3 they made only about 50.- 550 cubic feet pr minute is the largest quantity of water used at Rochester for a run of stones grinding wheel for 60 barrels flour pr day, on a head of 16 feet. 450 cubic feet is sufficient (same hand) at Indianopolis Ia. to grind 10 bushels pr hour of dry white wheat! For greater or smaller heads he thinks a proportional increase or diminution would be sufficient. Harder kinds of wheat might require 20 pr ct. more water. [calculations]

750 would be the quantity of water-every thing made in the best manner-for one run of stones at Milwaukee.

Overshot wheels do not usually work more than .67 pr ct of the power; the best not over 75 pr. ct.