Box 15, Folder 11: Grass like Plants of Wisconsin, 1855

13 Fuirena squarrosa, Michaux

Syn. F. pumila, Spreng. F. Torreyana, Beck.

Spikes two to six, ovoid-oblong in capitate clusters bristle with the spreading awns; perianth scales ovate, or ovate-lanceolate awn pointed, the interposed bristles minute; leaves and sheaths ciliate and hairy; achenium somewhat obovoid, gradually attenuated at the base into a stipe. Culms 3 to 6 inches high obtusely triangular, striate. Flowers in August

Sandy bogs. Michigan. Extends East to N. England, and south to Florida

GENUS V. HEMICARPHA, Nees

(Greek, hemi (half) and karphos, straw or chaff)

Spikes ovoid, many flowered, sessile, one, or few in a lateral cluster; scales very numerous, imbricated on all sides, ovate or obovate, finally deciduous; flowers with a very thin valve situated opposite the scale, sometimes adherent to the achenium; stamen one; style 2-cleft; achenium oblong, flattish, naked. -- Culms naked, with bristle-like leaves at the base.

13 Hemicarpha subsquarrosa Nees.

Syn. Scirpus subsquarrosus Muhl. S. minimus, Ph. Isolepsis subsquarrosa Schraud. I. micrantha Kunth.

Spikes 2 or 3, ovoid, sessile lateral; scales with a short recurved point; achenium ovate-oblong somewhat compressed; involucre two leaved one leaf minute, the other long as if a continuation of the culm, which is setaceous, compressed, sulcate, and grows only about two inches high. Flowers in July.

Sandy shores of rivers and lakes. Illinois, Indiana and Michigan.

Extends eastward to New England states and south to Kentucky.

Genus VI Eleocharis, R Brown

(Greek, eleos, (a marsh) and chairo (to delight in))

Spike single, terminating the naked culm, manyflowered; scales imbricated all round, rarely 2 or 3-ranked; perianth of 3 to 12 (mostly 6) bristles, usually rough, or barbed downwards; stamens 3; styles 2 or 3-cleft; the base bulbous and persistent as a tubercle, jointed with the apex of the achenium, which is either lenticular or obtusely triangular. -- Culms cespitose simple, leafeless, sheathless at the base, sometimes sterile; rhizomas, or underground stems matted, or creeping.

15 Eleocharis equisetoides Torrey.

Syn. Scirpus equisetoides, Ell. S. geniculatus Ph.

Culm terete, knotted as if jointed by many cross partitions; achenium obovate, smooth, crowned with a conical beaked tubercle; spike cylindrical; scales suborbicular-ovate; bristles 6 as long as the achenium. Culms 1 1/2 to 2 feet high. Flowers in August

Shallow water of bogs &c. Michigan

Extends to the N. England states and south to Louisiana and Florida.