farfel_n05_154_396

DE 59 C 55 Vol. I 421-436 (1988)
"Civilization of the Ancient Meditaraean :
Greece & Rome"

- As early as 3000 BC Egyptians learned how to
manufacture flat sheets from papyrus.
- left sheet placed to overlap the right (roll) - pasted
together - a wheat paste to which vinegar was added.
front & end sheet - vertical fibers to prevent fraying.
- leather rolls ( Gk. diphthera) were used throughout
Asia Minor from at least 11th C. B.C.
Inks 1) Carbon based ( water soluble)
rub agai - Gk. palin psao
our "palin psest."
2) Later on - iron - tannin compounds
i.e. oak gall & iron sulfate.
both types used till 7th C , but in Medieval period
(2) was found to be preferable (adheres better
to parchment)
rolls -{ words are not divided.
{ an elite means of strong & carrying
information.
between 2 & 4 C A.D. the book roll rapidly lost ground
to the codex.
O.T. roll form - Jewish rather than Christian
by the presence of the tetragrammaton -
for the name of God JHVH(YHVH) Juhovah
The Christians in Egypt adopted the codex form to
distinguish Gospel material from Jewish scripture.
roll - pagan learning . codex - Christian , could
lead to codification - one had control
of the material
Glazier codex (at Morgan Lib.) ansate cross - symbol
of Coptic Christian Egypt - derived from Egyptian
symbol for life The ankh.