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*** Timber second growth, birch and poplar.*** on this ridge the needle [much] reversed, indicating heavy beds of magnetic ore south of the hematite.
On S.E. 1/4 sec. 32 marble (Travertine) exactly like that of Carp river near Marquette. A large mass of the S. slope of the ridge. Too siliceous to be of value as flux or lime.*** Will Van Dyke caught two speckled trout in a very small brook.*** Marched S.W. to Quinnesec Falls and encamped at their head in company with a party of "pine hunters."
July 16. Embarked on the Menomonee for Pine River. Went up the Menomonee and one mile up the Muskas river to dinner. Ripples and rapids most of the way. Walked around most of them. In the afternoon up the Muskos to Portage Sec. 22 T. 39. R. 18 E. in Wisconsin. The "sand plains" which are composed of modified drift extend some distance up this river.*** Timber, pine, maple, very heavy maple on Sec. 21.
July 18. [Assert?]*** A "smart" rain caught us on the rapids at mouth of the Muskos. Boat required (Pitched) at this point.
At the head of the Big Quinnesec portage found an Indian with his family of three squaws, 2 boys, one pappoose and 2 dogs. For one dollar he put our canoe on his head and carried it over the portage, two miles. Coming down the hill & the [Morin?, Main??-illegible] falls at 5 P.M. saw the rainbow colors on the spray (smoke) which gives name to these falls, Quinnesec being Indian for Smoke.*** Encamped at night at the mouth of the outlet of Lac France.
No logs (pine) have been cut above this point on the Menomonee or its branches.
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July 19. At Little Quinnesec Falls at 8 A.M.; gathered rocks and minerals.*** At 11 arrived at mouth of the Sturgeon. Saw workmen from Sec. 6. also young men from Chicago rusticating.*** Encamped in a heavy rainstorm at the head of Quaver Falls.*** These falls occasioned by the Hornblendic rock (soft). Perhaps it might be polished for marble. The channel is divided by a large rock as at Little Quinnesec--thus we have a "Goat Island" at almost every waterfall.
Hornblendic rock here is smoothed by the passage of stone in the rapid current much like the glacial polishing.
July 20. Left camp early and purchased venison of an Indian. Portaged Pemene Falls. Went around the Musquawana Point and struck a rock, in passing the rapids, which swang our bark canoe around.**** A portion of our party walked around the White Rapids to relieve the frail canoe which went over in fine style safely.
These rapids caused by a ledge of Potsdam sandstone, below which is an accumulation of large boulders--a "terminal moraine" perhaps of the glacial period.***
July 21. Walked 3 miles around Grand Rapids, which are caused by Lower Magnesian Limestone. Ran down the river to head of logging jam in the river four miles long--140,000 feet of lumber; all of which will be consumed in two or three months;***
July 22. At Menomonee until 1 1/2 P.M. with our guides Thos. Breen and Alexander Bell.
July 23. Returned home by way of Watertown. Arrived 2:40 A.M. [W] Went to the Plankinton house until morning.
July 25. Assorted and arranged specimens with Dr. Hulst at Bay View.
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p. 23
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Evening Wisconsin of Aug. 15, 1872.
"From a late issue of the Green Bay [Advertiser] Advocate we learn that the Milwaukee Iron Company is reported to have bought an interest in the Breen Mine.*** They will also build a railroad from the mine to the bay shore.*** It is said that the company has taken hold of the matter by reason of the favorable report of Professor I.A. Lapham, who has examined the mine and the route.
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Milwaukee, Aug. 28, 1872.
Sir--
I send you by mail at a venture ten of my geological maps of Wisconsin (21 x 26 in., 15 miles to an inch) which please offer for sale at $2.00, accounting to me with your usual discount.
Please notice that besides the usual designation (by colors) of the several rocks, it exhibits by a series of subterranean contour lines (here first attempted in this country) the depth of the series of rocks overlying the azoic; thus rendering the map useful in deciding about artesian wells and other important questions of a geological nature.
Yours truly,
I.A. Lapham.
Naturalists' Agency, Salem, Mass.
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Milwaukee, Oct. 29, 1872.
Sir--
I took the liberty of calling upon you at the Executive office some time ago (unluckily in your absence) for the purpose of asking your attention to several matters deemed of some state importance.
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One was the authority granted by Congress to extend the Coast Survey into those interior states that are prosecuting geological or other surveys--and only those.
Another was the importance of a more correct state map, than any heretofore published, these having been made up before the completion of the public surveys and before the numerous irregularities were fully known. The Lake Survey will doubtless aid much in this matter. The importance of correct maps cannot be unknown to you.
Another, the artificial propagation of fish, the introduction of new kinds, their distribution to the numerous interior lakes; the means necessary to prevent [fish supply and] the destruction of our present fish supply, [&c. &c.]. Our small lakes and rivers may be important sources of food supply.
These and some other matters it would be well for the state authorities to consider in some proper way.
I am very glad to learn that at last one of these matters has already received your attention.
Yours truly,
I.A. Lapham.
C.C. Washburn, Gov. of Wisconsin.
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Milwaukee, Oct. 30, 1872.
Prof. S.F. Baird,
U.S. Coms'r of Fishes--
Dear Sir--
I have just returned from a very pleasant visit with Mt. J.W. Milner to the well-appointed trout rearing establishment of Mr. H.F. Dousman, near Waterville, in Waukesha county.
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I hope Mr. Milner will succeed in his efforts to introduce new edible fish into our waters and to increase the now rapidly diminishing supply of whitefish, which may here be deemed the fish of the people, both rich and poor.
It occurred to me that when you stock our small interior lake with edible fish, a corresponding effort should be made to supply these fish also with their natural food, by introducing "small fry" for their use. This could be done from here in the spring when our (Milwaukee) river is filled with Alburnus acutus, which could be taken from under the ice by thousands. For the numerous lakes on or near the railroads centering here, this supply could be sent with but little cost. The introduction of a few thousand of these "minnows" into the small lakes would, undoubtedly soon increase the supply of pickerel--no mean fish; for the fish population (like other populations, vide Malthus) must [be] be dependent upon the greater or less supply of food. It may hereafter be found that trout fed upon curd and beef, a liver will not have the same fine flavor as those supplied with their more natural food of [not or?] small fish. Wild ducks that feed upon fish are apt to taste fishy and we have numerous other facts in point.
I respectfully suggest this branch of the subject as one worthy of your attention. An attempt will be made to secure the co-operation of our state, when the legislature holds its next session in January.
Very respectfully yours,
I.A. Lapham.
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