000_1882 Scrapbook of Newspaper Clippings Vo 1, 2005.120.001

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to find a last resting place which is in any sense in an uncared-for condition.

To rest in Forest Hills it is not absolutely necessary to become a lot owner, for the most ample provision is made for single graves in the Field of Machpelah, the Field of Manoah, the Field of Hath and the Field of Ephron, all of which are beautifully located in different parts of the cemetery. Indeed, the trustees give every possible attention to the care of single graves, and do everything in their power to encourage those whose means will not admit of buying a lot, but who feel just as much interested and hold just as sacred the little plot which they can call their own.

In the grounds are a number of structures, such as a receiving tomb, a chapel and lodges, necessary to the perfect equipment of the cemetery; and Beech Avenue lodge, recently completed, has already proved of great advantage to those ownig lots and purchasing single graves in that part of the cemetery, and its use as a resting place and protection from the weather is greatly appreciated. — Up to January, 1896, the total number of interments in the cemetery amounted to 28,830; and the total number of lots up to the 1st of February of this year was 4572.

The first regular interment at Forest Hills was that of Samuel Hamlin, which took place on the 30th of July, 1848; but previous to that the remains of Gen. Dearborn's family and others had been removed from other grounds to the cemetery.

It may be finally said of Forest Hills that it partakes more of the nature of a highly kept and beautifully laid out park than a burial ground; and a more beautiful spot it would be difficult to imagine. — The present board of trustees of the cemetery consists of Messrs. L. Foster Morse, president; Gorham Rogers, William A. Gaston, James B. Forsyth, Charles M. Clapp, Phineas Smith and Robert Thurbur. Mr. Arthur R. Potter is the secretary and treasurer and Mr. William J. Hargraves the superintendent, he recently being chosen to succeed Mr. John G. Barker, who had been superintendent of the cemetery for 10 years.

Fiftieth Anniversary of Forest Hills Cemetery

Fifty years ago today Forest Hills Cemetery was consecrated, and the golden anniversary is "being quietly celebrated by the lot owners in that beautiful burial place. There is no official demonstration, but many individuals interested in the cemetery visited it and admired the multitude of beautiful spots. The cemetery is a garden of bloom, particularly attractive being the display at the entrance - the design, "1848-1898, F. H. C.," being worked out on flowers.

[image on right with caption: THE TOWER.]

[image below with caption: RECEIVING TOMB, WITH FOUNTAIN AND FLOWER BEDS.]

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[image with caption BEECH AVENUE LODGE, FOREST HILLS CEMETERY.]

[image of bridge with caption THE BRIDGE.]

NEW MOUNT AUBURN CHAPEL — Its Fine Acoustic Properties and Beautiful Organ - Its Advantages Over the Home as a Place for Holding Funeral Services — Since the completion of the new stone chapel and office building, at Mt. Auburn Cemetery, it has been found that the use of the chapel for funeral services has grown very much, and that borth there and at Forest Hills the convenience and proximity of the chapel to the final resting-place of the dead has created a preference for services at the cemetery to those at the family home. The acoustics of the Mt. Auburn structure and the beautiful organ are a most gratifying success. The old chapel, the most picturesque and the best known in the country fifty years ago, was always a failure in acoustic properties, and it lacked many of the necessary appliances possessed by the new edifice.

Mt. Auburn was instituted nearly seventy years ago, and has been kept up to the highest standard of beauty that horticultural and engineering skill could suggest. Its rare trees, shrubs, plants and flowers make it a beautiful spot at this season, after so green a summer. Recent additions to its shrubbery are a number of large tropical plants obtained from Mexico. Both it and Forest Hills never looked more beautiful at this season. Probably no cemetery on this hemisphere was within its limits so many of the famous dead as Mt. Auburn, among them being Longfelow, Holmes, Lowell, Phillips Brooks, Sumner, Everett, Ballou, Charlotte Cushman, Margaret Fuller, Edwin Booth, Lawrence, Bowditch, Justice Story, Agassiz, Channing, and William E. Russell. In the rotrunda of the new chapel are the marble statues of John Winthrop, John Adams, James Otis and Joseph Story, representing four periods of American history.

RECENT DEATHS — Henry A. Rice, Commisson Merchant

Mr. Henry A. Rice of the firm of Denny, Rice & Co., wool commission merchants at 610 Atlantic avenue, died at his late home, 13 Marlboro street, at three o'clock this morning, at the age of eighty-two years. He leaves a widow and one son, Henry A. Rice, Jr., who is a member of the firm of which his father was a member. Mr. Rice's death is attributed to old age, as he has been failing for some time, although he had no acute illness. Mr. Rice had been in the wool commission business the major part of his life, and in 1840 became a partner in the firm of Denny, Rice & Gardner, the partners being Daniel Denny, Henry A. Rice and Henry J. Gardner, and they succeeded to the business of Denny & Co. In 1855 Mr. Gardner was elected governor of the Commonwealth, and two years later he retired from the firm, when the name was changed to that of Denny, Rice & Co.

Mr. Rice never held public office, although many times he had been importuned to allow his name to be used as a candidate for various offices. Owing to failing health Mr. Rice had done but little work for the past two years, although occasionally he had been able to come down town to the firm's place of business. Te3n days ago he began to fail rapidly. Mr. Rice was born in Boston and received his education in the public schools. He celebrated his eighty-second birthday only last Tuesday.

In 1856, when the Massachusetts Bank was a State institution, Mr. Rice became one of its directors, and in 1874, when it was a national bank, he became its president, holding that position until 1883, when he resigned the office, although remaining on the board of directors. Deceased was also a director of the Massachusetts Loan & Trust Company and one of the trustees of the Mt. Auburn Cemetery.

T. QUINCY BROWN ASSIGNS. — Protects Creditors by Turning Over Assets. — Failure of Assabet Mills Affects the Former Treasurer - He Resigns the Presidency of the Atlantic Bank - Began Business with Augustus Hemenway.

The announcement yesterday of the assignment of Mr. T. Quincy Browne to Messrs. Louis L. Browne and Walter S. Blanchard was a surprise to mercantile Boston. As president of the Atlantic National Bank, and for many years treasurer of the Assabet mills, he has been a well known figure in financial circles.

While treasurer of the Assabet mills he was looked upon as one of the most capable men in the woollen trade in New England. As the corporation became involved his indorsement carried its notes, and he thus became very largely involved. He retired from the treasurership of the mills some months ago, and since then a large portion of his liability on their paper has been cancelled.

When the mill corporation failed, last Saturday, enough notes with Mr. Browne's indorsement were out to cause him difficulty. He resigned the presidency of the Atlantic National Bank at once, and as soon as possible he protected his creditors impartially and to the extent of his ability.

No statement of liabilities nor assets is yet accessible. It is understood that the Assabet mills may pay in full, and it is the general expectation that at the worst they will pay 75 per cent. This, of course, would greatly reduce Mr. Browne's liability. The Atlantic National Bank is said to have but a very moderate amount of the Assabet paper.

Mr. Browne began his business career as a partner with the late Augustus Hemenway in the South American shipping business, which was continued with another partner after Mr. Hemenway's death. When this firm dissolved and its business went to New York, Mr. Browne became interested in manufacturing and has been considered the possessor of a comfortable fortune.

CREMATION GAINING MANY CONVERTS — Massachusetts Cremation Society Elects Officers and Shows a Growing Sentiment Favoring Incineration — Not a large number of members of the Massachusetts Cremation Society attended the fifth annual business meeting of that organization, which took place at noon today at 19 Boylston place, in the library of the Massachusetts Medical Society; but those who were present showed keen interest in the affairs of the society. More women than men were among them, but of the last-named there were several physicians of high standing.

Dr. James R. Chadwick, president of the society, presided today, and Dr. John Homans, 2d, served in the capacity of clerk, which office he holds. Minutes of the last annual meeting were read and reports were given by the president and by the treasurer, John Ritchie. The number of incinerations since the society was first organized has been 679, of which number 167 were those of last year. The society has received a gift of $1000 from a friend who wishes to remain unknown in the matter. The society is in good financial condition, with about $6300 in the treasury. Part of this may be devoted toward the purchase of additional land about the crematory at Forest Hills or toward the completion of the chapel building there.

Dr. Chadwick, in his brief address, confined himself to facts bearing upon the actual work of the society. He made a strong point of the fact of the Mt. Auburn Cemetery Corporation's petition to the Legislature for permission to erect a crematory at that place, as of marked importance in showing the great increase in favor of incineration as a means of disposal of the dead. The officers of the Mt. Auburn Cemetery Corporation have found a strong desire on the part of their stockholders for bringing this about, and it was shown that the corporation would work in perfect harmony with the purposes of the Massachusetts Cremation Society.

The annual election of officers resulted in the choice of the following-named: Clerk, Dr. John Homans, 2d; treasurer, John Ritchie; board of directors, Dr. James R. Chadwick, Dr. John O. Marble, John Ritchie, Augustus Hemenway, Babson S. Ladd, Dr. Russell Sturgis, Dr. John Homans, 2d, Professor R.H. Richards and John A. Higginson.

At a meeting of the board of directors, yet to be held, Dr. Chadwick, president, and Dr. John O. Marble of Worcester, vice president, will be reëlected, their names having been agreed upon by the board. The board of honorary vice presidents stands as before, including these names: Rev. Edward H. Hall, President Charles W. Eliot, Cambridge; Rt. Rev. William Lawrence, John Storer Cobb, Northampton; Miss Mary B. Comyns, Boston, and Miss Katharine P. Loring, Boston.

Among those members whose bodies were cremated within the past year were Hon. Sherman Hoar, Lieutenant Herbert Clifford Wells, Mrs. Burnett, the daughter of James Russell Lowell; Dr. Dolliver, Dr. C.P. Worcester, George W. Simmons, Colonel George M. Barnard and Dr. J. Heber Smith.

Proprietors at Mr. Auburn Cemetery Meet At the annual meeting of the proprietors of Mt. Auburn Cemetery, held yesterday in Horitcultural Hall, J.B. Russell and Frank Reynolds were added to the board of trustees to serve until 1905. Officers for 1899 were elected as follows: President, Israel M. Spelman; treasurer, H.B. Mackintosh; secretary, L.G. Farmer; superintendent, J.C. Scorgie. The trustees, besides the two new members of the board, are: Israel M. Spelman, Jerome Jones, Joseph Sawyer, T. Quincy Browne, Francis C. Foster, Samuel Johnson, Charles F. Choate, Joshua M. Sears, David W. Cheever, David R. Whitney. The features of the annual report which was presented have already been given in the Transcript.

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258 PARK AND CEMETERY Jan. '98.

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LEGAL.

CANNOT REMOVE BODIES FROM LOTS NOT PAID FOR.

A decision, the importance of which can hardly be overestimated, has been rendered by the supreme court of North Carolina, in the case of State against McLean and others. In it, the court affirms a judgment of the superior court, Alamance county, in which all but two of the defendants were convicted, as the indictment charged, of counseling, procuring, and commanding certain named persons, all of them charged with acting without due process of law, and without the consent of those persons whom the statute requires should be consulted, and their consent procured, to open the grave of Nathaniel Small, for the purpose of taking therefrom his dead body, and to actually remove the body from the grave.

At the time the offense was committed, the defendant McLean was mayor of the town of Burlington, another of the defendants was keeper of the town cemetery, and the other defendants were town commissioners.

The defense set up by McLean was that he was the attorney at law of the town, and that the part he took in the matter was simply as legal adviser to the board of commissioners. He admitted on the trial that he advised the other defendants that they could lawfully remove the body.

The other defendants, except two named Holt and Heritage, undertook to defend their action of the ground that, although they commandeed, counseled, and procured the opening of the grave and the removal of the body, their action was in the discharge of their official duties, and under due process of law and in good faith.

To better understand the case, the following facts must also be taken into account. Small died in 1887, and was buried in the Lutheran Cemetery in the town of Burlington. Several years afterwards the town authorities, by consent of all persons interested, at the expense of the town, removed the bodies which had been buried in the Lutheran Cemetery to Pine Hill, the town cemetery. The body of Small was among them. January 5, 1897, a considerable time after the reinterment of Small's body, the town authorities, who were the defendants in this prosecution, in regular meeting adopted a report made by the committee on the business of the cemetery, which was in part in the following words: "Section I. We find that eighteen lots have been taken and used by parties who have paid nothing for the same, and that said paries have no note or memorandum in writing in regard to the transaction, signed by the party to be charged; and, as to these lots, the committee recommend that the secretary of the board of commissioners notify the parties who claim the same that, unless they come forward and pay for said lots in full within sixty days from the date of said notice, that the bodies buried on said lots will be removed to that part of the cemetery which is free." Notice in accordance with the foregoing, was recieved by J. W. Small, the next of kin of Nathaniel Small, February 1, 1897. Instead of paying the $13.40 demanded of him, J. W. Small forbade the removal of the body, and, in spite of his protest, the body was removed to the free part of the cemetery.

The first assignment of error, on the appeal, related to the refusal of the trial judge to admit testimony offered to show the good faith of the defendants in the matter of their having ordered, procured and commanded the opening of the grave and the removal of the body. But the supreme court holds that it was unnecessary to allege and prove a felonious intent, or, indeed, any specific intent, on the part of the defendants, other than the intent to do that which they actually did. The reason for this is that it holds that the statute of North Carolina forbade what they did in its provision: "That any person who shall without due process of law, or the consent of the surviving husband or

wife, or the next of kin of the deceased, and of the person having the control of such grave, open any grave for the purpose of taking therefrom any such dead body, or any part thereof buried therein, or anything interred therewith, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and upon conviction thereof shall be fined or imprisoned or both, at the discretion of the court."

There are many of its decisions, the court says, to the effect that the only intent necessary to be shown in the doing of an act which is forbidden by law is the intent to do the act. If, however, a grave should be opened, and a dead body removed therefrom, by a person who had made an honest mistake as to identity of the grave and body, after having received the permission of the next of kin of the person whose grave he thought he was opening, the court says that the intent would not exist to do the act.

Holt and Heritage, who have been mentioned by name, were acquitted; the former, because he was not present at any of the meetings at which the opening of the grave and the removal of the body were discussed, and the latter because he opposed the course pursued by the other defendant.

The defense of McLean, the court pronounced strained, and said found no favor in its eyes. In putting the vote on the report of the cemetery committee and declaring the result, the court says he directly participated in the crime charged. It also says that his duty as an attorney ended when he gave his legal opinion (if, indeed, he could act in the dual capacity of mayor and legal adviser to himself and the board) that they had the right under the law to remove the bodies. When he went further, and said, "Go ahead and remove them," he became an individual actor, and counseled, procured, and commanded an act, the committing of which afterwards was a felony. And the court points out that the defendants were not indicted as mayor and commissioners for any misconduct in office, but as individuals, for counseling, procuring, and commanding persons to commit a felony. They could not be said to have acted in their official capacity in respect to a matter which was not only not a part of their duty to the public, but, in its performance, was a positive crime against the state.

Nor would the court accept the excuse that they made a mistake in the extent and scope of their power, or were misled by mistake of counsel. It says that they had the right to purchase land for a cemetery, and they could make proper rules for its management; but that power could not be extended to give them the right to open graves and remove the dead therefrom, from one point to another, without due process of law, or without the consent of those persons whose permission was necessary.

Lastly, if a surgeon can be convicted for employing a person to open a grave and remove therefrom a dead body, his purpose being to advance medical and surgical science, the court asks, in answer to the suggestion that the statute was aimed only at the desecrators of graves, what reason can be urged against the conviction of persons who command a grave to be opened and the body to be removeed because the lot of land on which the deceased has been buried is not paid for by his next of kin?

—

The work of transferring some 30,000 bodies from the old Union Cemetery in Brooklyn, L. I., to Cedar Grove Cemetery at Flushing, five miles distant, was begun last month, and is being bigorously prosecuted. The northeast corner of the cemetery, wherein the poor had been buried in unmarked graves, was first opened up and the remnants recovered were inclosed in boxes, according to a provision of the contract, taken to Cedar Grove Cemetery, and immediately reburied. There was no attempt at identification. A staff of clerks, however, takes care of the identification of the bodies exhumed from marked graves. The number of the old grave is marked on the box containing the remains, and the number of the grave to which it is assigned.

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CREMATORY FOR BOSTON URGED — Cemetery Commission Recommends this as Giving the Best Solution of the Disposal of the City's Dead and It Has Authority to Establish Such a PlantSpecial Appropriation Asked For — Shall the city of Boston have a crematory plant for the incineration of the paupers, who, after their death, must be disposed of at the expense of the public? Upon the attitude of the Board of Apportionment toward this idea, already well-advanced, will depend its realization, for the Cemetery Commission has laid before it two plans,one of which provides for the establishment of a crematory plant. Under the present conditions there is apparently only one alternative, and that is for the board to approve the other plan, which asks for an appropriation for purchasing more land for pauper burials in the future. The present ground set apart for that purpose, adjoining the Mt. Hope Cemetery, will be completely filled before the expiration of the present year, after which no further interments will be possible without the destruction and loss of identification of the old graves. The burials now amount to about five hundred a year, and increase in number yearly.

To erect a crematory somewhat after the model of the institution in Washington, which is considered a better plan in many respects than the Forest Hills crematory, would cost the city less than $40,000, whereas it will cost nearly $68,000 to buy the ten acres of land suggested for the continuance of the present system, prepare the land for burials for ten years, fence it in, maintain it, and mark the graves as is done at present. Looking at this as a business proposition the Cemetery Commission will proceed, under the authority granted to it by the statutory law, to build the crematory plant, if the City Council grants the money for this purpose when eventually the matter comes out of the hands of the Board of Apportionment. Of course, the commissioners will be guided in applying the special appropriation asked for, by the plans that win the approval of the apportioners and the City Council.

Chairman J. Albert Brackett of the board of trustees of the cemetery department has given the question a thorough consideration. He has examined the plant in Washington, situated in Pennsylvania avenue, next to a confectionery factory, and he says the whole board is now convinced that cremation is the proper method for disposing of the bodies of paupers, and it should be established in the city of Boston. Were this plan realized, as it may be without further legislation, Boston would be in advance of every other city in this respect, as far as the board knows. It is held by the board that the question of pauper burial is one that must be answered under the provision of the loan bill, and an early solution of the problem is urged by the filling up of the ground now available.

"Sentiment should not enter into this matter," says Chairman Brackett, "any more than it enters into the treatment of convicts and the outcasts while they live, because it is mostly this class of persons that are laid in the pauper's grave, and they are hardly ever followed by particular friends to their last resting place. I recall only one instance now when inquiries were made for the remains of a pauper buried by the city. That was a veteran who a year after his buiral, was aksed for by the lodge to which he belonged. We are not advocating an entirely new method. It is something that many persons may large sums for, and we think, if it is good enough for all other classes of persons, it ought to be acceptable for the paupers as well. In fact it should be compulsory, and the burial of the dead within the limits of a large city should no longer be permitted. Our crematory plans calls for a present outlay which answers the problem for all time and reduces the expenses; and we have therefore recommended that the city buy about three acres of land, adjacent to the Mt. Hope Cemetery, on which the department shall construct a crematory plant, stable, sheds and blacksmith and carpenter shops. We have not yet considerd the details for such a plant. That would be premature until the money is appropriated, and the plans must also depend upon the amount granted. I know it is possible for the city to cremate the bodies at a cost of only $1 for each, and it costs $3 to dig a grave."

REAL ESTATE MATTERS — Plans Accepted for a Chapel of Mount Hope, Street Commissioners Vote to Change the Names of Two Streets in Roxbury and One in Dorchester - Few Transfers Recorded — Outlines of the plans for a chapel at the Mount Hope Cemetery have been accepted by the board of trustees of the cemetery department. In this sketch the gateway is located at the centre of a crescent-shaped driveway, with the administration building on one side and the chapel on the other. A low stone wall surmounted by an iron paling on either side of the gateway, connects the two buildings. The whole scheme is early English gothic, and the structure will be built of local seam-face ledge stone, with trimmings of limestone. The chapel is to have a nave with a seating capacity of one hundred, two entrances with vestibule chancel, robing-room, vestry, toilet-room and port cochere at side entrace. The administration building is to have a central entrance hall with public offices on one side and waiting-room on the other, superintendent's private office with accessory draughting-room, trustees' room and men's and women's toilet rooms. Corridors connect the central entrance hall with side and rear entrances. The gates at entrance to cemetery are to be of ornamental iron, and the posts will be laid up of stone, surmounted by iron lanterns.

The plans are drawn by James E. Wood and Charles E. White, Jr., architects. As soon as the details of the plans are completed, bids will be called for by the trustees for building the chapel and administration building, as well as laying out the entrance according to the sketch above. The gate faces on Walk Hill street, on line with the street. An appropriation of $25,- 000 is available for this work, which must therefore be done for that sum. The plans were prepared with that idea in view.

The suggestion that the city of Boston erect a crematory to dispose of the bodies of her paupers is not likely to get beyond the initial stage. The cremation of the dead is all right as a voluntary proceeding, but there are many and manifect objections to making it compulsory upon any class of people just yet.

CEMETERY CATALOGUE COMPLETED — All the Data Obtainable About Interments in the Old Burying Grounds Compiled into a Card Catalogue — All the data necessary for a complete directory of the old cemeteries in Boston has been collected by the Cemetery Commission, and is now being arranged in the office. The burying-grounds have been surveyed, the tombstone inscriptions copied and the plans of the grounds have been worked out, showing where the stones are located. All this information will be compiled into a catalogue system like that at the Boston Pubic Library. The name of the interred is written on one side of the card and a true copy of the tomb inscription is written on the other side. It is expected that the catalogue will be completed within a few days. This is the culmination of a plan that was adopted by the Cemetery Commission soon after its appointment, the object of it being to establish a trustworthy record, as complete in detail as it is now possible to make it. It will be kept in the commission's office at City Hall.

Mr. Gloucester Not the First Colored Man to Be Cremated Mr. Gloucester, who has recently cremated at Walk Hill, Forest Hills, was not, it appears the first colored person to be incinerated there. On May 26 a colored man named Robert Walker, who was in the employ of William T. Miller, of the Henry F. Miller & Sons Piano Company, was cremated at the instance of his employer at the Walk Hill Crematory.

AREA OF CEMETERIES — Nearly 1,700,000 Square Feet of Land Owned by the City, Some of Which Has Come to It by Annexation — Surveys of the old cemeteries in Boston where interments are seldom made - the burial ground on the Common, the Old Granary Burying Ground, the King's Chapel Burying Ground, Copp's Hill and the South Burial Ground in the rear of the Conservatory of Music - show that these amount in area to more than 325,000 square feet of land. In all the burial grounds which the city owns or of which it has the custody and care are comprised nearly 1,700,000 square feet of land. This is exclusive of burial grounds owned by individuals and societies. The cemeteries and burial grounds which the city owns have come to it by annexation of outlying districts, like Brighton, Dorchester, Roxbury and Charlestown, and by ownership or gift from the earliest time of the municipality. As eighteen square feet of land is required for one interment and the city has to bury about 500 persons each year at its own expense, in the course of ten years the city's unclaimed dead alone will occupy more than 90,000 square feet of land. About six acres of land, contiguous upon the Mount Hope Cemetery, are set aside for persons who cannot pay high prices for cemetery lots. The charge of $5 for a grave in that lot is to cover actual expense for labor and care. About 30,000 interments have been made already in this section.

WOULD DO AWAY WITH CEMETERIES — Social Alliance Suggests to the City Government Some Radical Changes, One to Abolish the Old Burying Grounds — In a letter to Mayor Quincy and the City Council the Social Alliance requests that a crematory be established by the city of Boston, and suggests several other radical changes. Regarding the cemeteries, the letter says: "We ask that the cemeteries now existing in the heart of the city, flinging over it their funereal gloom and usurping space required by the necessities of the living, be removed. Among these unsightly and useless spots are the graveyard on Boston Common, the Old Granary and King's Chapel burying-grounds. It is true that within some of these precincts repose the ashes of dignitaries of Church and State, but we suspect that one of the main reasons for the preservation of these grounds is that they contain the vaults of the members of families whose ancestral pride and interests are not shared by the masses of the people. As regards the early patriots, who can doubt that their memory would be more effectually honored and perpetuated if these monotonous rows of tombstones were displaced by a flowerdecked sod, with an artistic monument in the centre, bearing the names of the worthy dead; or, say, by beautiful civic structures devoted to the recreation and enlightenment of the generations that come and go."

STONE TABLET FOR THEIR CHAPEL — Proprietors of Mt. Auburn Cemetery Place a Stone and Bronze Decoration on the New Edifice Near the Entrance — A finely carved stone tablet has been placed on the exterior of the new mortuary chapel at the entrance of Mt. Auburn Cemetery from a design by Willard T. Sears, who was the architect of the building. At the top of the tablet is a bronze sun-dial, and occupying the large space below are these lines from Whittier: "With warning hand I mark time's rapid flight From life's glad morning to its solemn night; Yet, through the dear God's love, I also show There's light above me by the shade below."

The tablet is made from tinted Indiana limestone, and clusters of ivy leaves are tastefully engraved around the lines and the sun-dial.

FOR PERMANENT CARE OF MONUMENTS — Trustees of Woodlawn Cemetery Recommend a Fund for That Purpose at the Annual Meeting of the Corporation Held Yesterday — At the annual meeting of the Woodlawn Cemetery Corporation, held yesterday afternoon, important recommendations were made by the trustees. One of these was for consideration of the establishment of a fund for the care and renewal of monuments and tablets when weather-worn or accidentally destroyed, thereby insuring a permanent marker for all interments in lots and single graves and removing the possibility of dilapidated and unsightly headstones.

In their report the trustees say "During the year 1898 the trustees have continued the expenditure of large sums for muchneeded permanent improvements. The completion of the entrance gateway and office building make the approach to the grounds most beautiful. The old conventional and sombre structure of former years is replaced by a gateway pleasing to the eye, classic in construction and convenient for the public use. The avenues beyond the gate have been broadened, thus removing the dangers of a contracted driveway.

"A large amount of work has been accomplished in grading and roadmaking in various parts of the cemetery. The manner of roadbuilding and the placing of a large number of catch-basins renders this improvement of a permanent character, requiring very little outlay in the future to keep the avenues and drives in good condition. The superintendent has matured plans for the opening of a new part of the grounds which will greatly increase the supply of new and desirable lots. The removing of iron fences still continues, and each year the older part of the cemetery is thus rendered more attractive. The treasurer's report will show a number of old lots placed in perpetual care, and several lots deeded to the corporation in trust, both of which transactions tend to preserve the general beauty of the grounds. During the year the greenhouses have beeng greatly enlarged, giving much more space for propagating plants and shrubs. A large tropical house is needed and will soon be added."

Treasurer Roscoe Pierce submitted his financial report, as follows: Cash on hand, $11,332.21; sales from lot and graves, $27,- 750.40; from interments, care of lots, interest, etc., $23,545.10; maintenance fund, $762.50; repair fund, $21,928.29; total receipts, $85,318.50; total expenditures, $73,- 380.02; balance on hand, $11, 938.48.

Superintendent Frederick F. Marshall's report told of the care taken of the cemetery, and said that there had been 846 burials during the year; total number to date, 26,864.

These trustees were elected: Charles Leeds, Wilmot R. Evans, Albert N. Parlin, Elisha S. Converse, J. Frank Wellington, Frank W. Remick, Robert M. Barnard, Eugene F. Endicott, William H. Remick. The trustees met later and elcted the old board of officers.

CHAPEL FOR MOUNT HOPE CEMETERY — Contract for Building One Awarded to a Lowell Firm - Bids for Building a Gateway at Same Place Taken Under Advisement by the Cemetery Trustees — Proposals for the erection and completion of a chapel and gateway at Mount Hope Cemetery were opened today by the cemetery trustees at their office in City Hall. In the specifications there were three items, the first for doing the entire work, the second for building the chapel alone and the third for erecting the gateway alone. The bids were as follows:

W.H. Keys & Co.........^1.$20,762 ^2.$16,779 ^3.$3,983 D.J. McKim................ .... 18,795 3,789 Jones & Meehan.........20,890 17,800 3,900 Connor Bros.........19,500 16,200 3,900 John A. Rooney.........19,874 16,500 4,200 W.A. & H.A. Root.........24,805 20,538 4,267 Cutting, Bardwell & Co...20,446 16,634 4,089

Late in the day the trustees stated that they had awarded the contract for building the chapel to Connor Brothers of Lowell, the lowest bidders. The bids for building the gateway were taken under advisement.

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THE DOG'S CEMETERY Many tourists in London have, but probably more have not, noted a very remarkable evidence of the English love and appreciation of the dog - the dogs' graveyard in Hyde Park. Here are buried many scores, if not hundreds, of dogs, and at each grave is a stone bearing the name of the deceased and the date of death. These little graves are scrupulously kept, and not infrequently they bear a bunch of flowers or some other token that the memory of the four-footed friend departed is still kept green. Most of the stones bear simply names and dates, but here and there are those on which a Bible text has been engraved. A favorite text is: "Not one of them is forgotten before God."

A number of stones are engraved with the symbols of immortality, thus giving evidence that there is in the minds of those who erected them the suspicion that must have crossed those of others that the gift we believe to have been conferred on us cannot be denied the dog without impugning our own claim to its possession, that both are portions of a great chain whose vitality is constant and develops link by link. Certainly dogs possess in a very high degree many of the attributes on which man rests his claim to be above the beasts. The dog has intellect, memory, the capacity to love, to appreciate kindess, to read emotions and to sympathize with them. Wonderful as is his sagacity which is of his head, fully as wonderul is his fidelity which is of his heart.

We cannot talk the dogs' language, though he understands ours so closely that the incapability of learning seems all on our own side. The love and appreciation of dogs is strong with Americans, as it must be in all races that are hearty. The great governing races love the dog indoors and out. Strong natures are almost everywhere in history represented with dogs in their company. Frederick the Great asked to have his grave made with the dogs he had loved that were buried at Sans Soucl, adding that had he ever known men half so faithful he would ask to be buried with them. We need not be as cynical as Frederick was with men to be as appreciative as he was of the worth of our brothers that bark.

THE PROGRESS OF CREMATION. The fitting up of a crematory now going on at Mt. Auburn cemetery is an indication of the extent to which the method of disposing of the bodies of the dead in cremation is spreading in this country. It has reached a stage in Paris where this form of burial has been adopted in the instance of one out of thirteen of those deceased. At Mt. Auburn the building formerly occupied as a chapel is being converted to this purpose. It is to be constructed with all the latest improvements to perfect the operation of the consuming process, and is expected to be completed on the first of October next. The increase in the disposition to adopt this manner of dealing with the dead has been marked of late in this country, as well as abroad, and there will be satisfaction on the part of those who prefer it in finding that this noted cemetery has taken steps to afford them the best facilities for carrying out their wishes.

Boston Herald. June 9, '99.

A CEMETERY OF THE POOR — How the living dispose of the dead will always be an interesting subject. Pagans and savages and the half-civilized have almost universally found it impossible to disassociate this present life from the future one, and so have interred "grave goods" with their dead; clothing, ornaments, food, weapons, that the spirit of the departed may not go naked and poor into the life beyond. There yet prevail among the negroes of the South burial customes which are evidently founded on the pagan belief referred to; or rather are relics or pagan practices handed down through many centuries, and still speaking of the intertwining of time and eternity in the thoughts of men.

Visit the colored cemetery in Aiken, S.C., the famous winter health and pleasure resort, and you will get substantial proof of the truth of this statement. The burying ground - about six acres in extent - was some years ago set apart by the city for the use of the colored residents. It is controlled by trustees who give, free of any charge, a burial lot to any negro family asking for it. The old grave differ will tell you that for fifty cents a year he will keep a lot in order. That for $1 he digs a "large grave," and for 50 cents a "little one," and that many people soon forget where their friends are buried, and rely upon him to remember for them.

As one approaches the cemetery his attention is arrested by the white appearance of the graves. Upon a nearer view he discovers that nearly every mound is covered with oyster or sea shells laid regularly over the entire surface. Why are they there? Some say to prevent the washing away of the soil, which is sandy. But the graves in similar soil in the white cemetery near by are intact without any such safeguards. They are evidently there for ornamentation, and to show a respect for the dead. But what are the various objects one sees on every side lying among the sheels? They are objects associated with the life of those whose mouldering forms lie below - ornaments worn by them, brica-brac admired by them, household articles used by them, tumblers and cups from which they drank; lamps that lighted them; bowls in which they washed, etc., etc. Among the objects noted by the writer were the following: wash-bowl, lamp, pitcher, vase, tumbler, broken goblet, glass chicken, small images and statues, matchsafe, half cocoanut, fringe with beads, broken crockery, saive-box, tin box containing coin, iron-leaf dolls' cup and saucer, large cup and saucer, base of lamp, figure of cow, individual butter plates, dolls' creamer, grotesque jug, lamp globe, smoker's set, old pipe, cigar lighter, cover of vegetable dish, dressed doll, and, weirdest of all, bottles of medicine.

One one grave, that of a child, judging by the length of the little mound, were the following objects: Two nursing-bottle nipples, teething ring attached to headstone, green-glass marble, doll's cup and teapot, four bottles of medicine, tumbler, three sea shells, top of bottle, belt buckle, lamp burner, glass stopper, teacup, hairpin tray, twenty different objects in all. The impression made on one's mind by the strange exhibition was almost weird. An interview with the dark-skinned old grave-digger failed to elicit any intelligible explanation of a strange custom. He said he couldn't tell why these articles were put on the graves; it was the custom of the people.

Can anyone doubt that it is the crude expression of the indistinct, unrecognized but still living thought that the life of the dead is but the continuation of the life of the living? I would not say that consciously such a thought is in the minds of the dusky men and women who thus decorate the graves of their loved ones. Perhaps they put these objects there to beautify (?) the resting-place of the dead, or to perpetuate their memory; but underneath it all, doubtless, is the old thought of the race of which I have spoken. One grave was surrounded by beer bottles, thirteen in number, stuck neck downwards in the earth, and placed at regular intervals. Another grave had an empty quart whisky bottle at its head. Some of the lots were kept in order by the old man, many were

not. Some, a few, were surrounded by substantial fences, some by boards, one edge sunk in the earth; some by bricks, but most were without any barrier to the steps of the inquisitive stranger.

Of the graves, about two hundred in number, one only was marked by a monument; a most modest one, of white marble, about four feet high. Fifteen had plain marble headstones, and twenty, wooden slabs, with inscriptions. All that each of others had to preserve its identity was a rough piece of board, shaped like a fence picket, about three or four inches wide, and rising about eighteen inches above the earth, with no legend of any kind upon it. It simply said, "Here is a grave."

The inscriptions were unique. One cut in marble read: "When the doctor gives me up, give me Jesus. That's all I want. Give me Jesus." Those on the wooden slab were marvels of art. The letters were put on in green or black paint, irregular, uneven in size, misshaped often, grouped into words misspelled and mispunctuated.

A "GARDEN OF THE DEAD." — Forest Hills Consecreated 50 Years Ago Next Tuesday. — Special Floral Display Provided to Signalize Golden Anniversary of the Event - Ashes of Many Eminent Men Repose Within the Beautiful Cemetery.

[Letter N with flowers]EXT Tuesday will be folden anniversary of the consecration of Forest Hills cemetery. There will be no celebration of the event, but the trustees have provided a superb floral display of a special nature, and it is not exceeded by any cemetery or garden in the country.

From wooded hill and dale and open farming country, Forest Hills has been made one of the most beautiful and noted of resting places for the dead. It originally comprised 60 acres. Now there are more than 204 acres owned by the corporation. The approach to the cemetery is a beautiful one, and it can be reached from the city by a chain of boulevards. Much of the territory embraced, naturally picturesque and diversified, now so tastefully embellished, as Roxbury Common, was almost valueless, save as the source of the town's fuel supply for its schools, and its ministers. The filling up of the old graveyards and their unattractive condition, moved Gen. H.A.S. Dearborn, in 1846, to petition the newly-established government of Roxbury for a rural cemetery. The purchase of the Joel Seaverns farm of nearly 60 acres for that purpose was the result, and to this other pieces of land adjoining have from time to time been added. — From 1848 to 1868 Forest Hills was virtually a Roxbury cemetery and was in charge of commissioners elected by the town government. When Roxbury was annexed to Boston the Legislature passed a bill putting the property in the hands of the lot owners. No money was ever raised in Roxbury by taxation for its support. Every lot owner now has a voice in the cemetery's affairs. Since 1868 no lots have been sold without provision being made for perpetual care.

The work of laying out the grounds of this "Garden of the Dead" was assigned to Gen. Dearborn, who did so much to secure its establishment, and whose skill and taste had been so successfully exerted at Mt. Auburn.

Hill and dale, lake and grove, picturesque rocks, cool grotto, fragrant flower beds and ever varying landscapes render this an exceedingly attractive spot, and a saunter through its principal avenues, with their beautiful monuments and interesting inscriptions, is a pleasure long to be remembered.

The original wooden gateway, with its Egyptian designs, gave place, in 1865, to the present tasteful structure of Roxbury stone and Caledonia freestone in the style known as the modern Gothic.

Upon its front in golden letters is this inscription: "I am the Resurrection and the Life." And upon its inner face: "He That Keepeth Thee Will not Slumber."

At the left of the entrance, near Lake Dell, is an elegant marble receiving tomb, one of the finest in the country, built in 1871. Its catacombs, 286 in number, are five tiers deep, and are arranged on each side of arched passages 10 feet wide, paved with white and black marble tiles. It has a Gothic portico of white Concord granite, and its floor is covered with French tiles. On either side of the arched doorway are wall spaces for mural tablets or inscriptions. At the right of the entrance is a handsome chapel of stone, erected in 1884. — Handsome avenues diverge toward different parts of the cemetery from the main entrance, opposite which, on Snowflake Hill, is a stone bell-tower and observatory 100 feet in height, completed in 1876. From this is obtained a magnificent view of the Blue Hills, the surrounding towns and several of the islands in Dorchester bay.

In 1892 a handsome stone bridge was erected over Greenwood avenue, and in 1895 there was erected a chapel on Beech avenue, near the Canterbury street entrance. — The eminences that gave the cemetery its name are the Eliot hills, a range of four heights in it southeastern part - Consecration Hill, at is northeastern angle; Chapel Hill, north of Lake Dell; the large hill south of Consecration Hill, named for the illustrious Warren, and Cypress Hill, overlooking Mt. Hope cemetery, and presenting to the view an extensive and pleasing rural landscape.

Lake Hibiscus, a charming sheet of water, is near the centre of the cemetery, and is approached by avenues from its different parts. It was formerly a meadow, supplied by copious springs, and has an area of three acres.

One of the most attractive spots in Forest Hills is the grotto on Dearborn Hill

Some of the more striking and picturesque of the numerous boulders scattered over the ground have been suffered to remain in their natural state. One of the most remarkable of these groups is in the lot of Gen. William H. Sumner, on the western slope of Mt. Warren, where stands a statue of great beauty, representing the Angel of the Tomb protecting the ashes of the dead. The Sumner shield and arms, also a medallion head, ornament the base of the statue. — A fine bronze tablet marks the grave, on Eliot path, of Gen. William Heath, who issued the first general order of the revolution, and also the last general order at the disbandment of the revolutionary army of 1776.

Many superb monuments and simple inscriptions in the cemetery attest alike the taste and skill of the sculptor and the strong affection of surviving kindred. The "Ascending Angel," on the Gould lot, "Memory," on Lake avenue, and the monuments of Dwight, Perkins, Lovering and Carney are especially noticeable.

From such a bewildering multitude of marbles it is a relief to turn to the ivy mantled bronze tablets set into the natural rock, commemorating those patriotic young soldiers, Wilder Howard and Dwight.

On the summit of Mt. Warren, in a lot in the shape of a half moon, the askes of Gen. Warren, with others of his family, have been reinterred, after being taken from the original restingplaces.

In the soldiers' lot is a statue in bronze of a volunteer solider, by the Sculptor Millmore. It is nearly seven feet high and is a memorial of the volunteers from Roxbury in the war for the preservation of the Union.

The Dearborn monument, on the summit of Mt. Dearborn, near the lot in which the general is interred, is an elegant corinthian column of white marble on a base which extends by scrolls on each side to smaller pedestals bearing funeral urns. The shaft is surmounted by a funeral urn with flame. On the front of the base is a raised tablet with inscription.

During the past three years many improvements have been made in the cemetery and a number of fine monuments have been erected. — The ashes of the following eminent men repose in Forest Hills cemetery: Gen. Joseph Warren, who was killed at Bunker Hill; Maj.-Gen. Dearborn of the revolutionary army; Gen. Heath, mentioned above; Admiral John A. Winslow of the Kearsarge, which sunk the Alabama; Govs. Rice and Gaston, Col. Joseph Williams, Andrew Carney, founder of Carney Hospital; Thomes W. Proctor, ex-Mayor Samuel C. Cobb, the Rev. A.A. Miner, ex-Mayor Benjamin Seaver, Mayors Comins, George Lewis and Theodore Otis of Roxbury, the Rev. Jacob Manning, pastor of the Old South