000_1882 Scrapbook of Newspaper Clippings Vo 1, 2005.120.001

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people from all over the country go to learn the process. The course begins with instruction in anatomy, so far as the location of the arteries and veins is concerned; then the pupils observe a skilled operator at work, and [a?]nnually they are given cases themselves, under the direction of a competent tutor. Among the graduates from this school are between 30 and 40 women: the demand for female embalmers is increasing, and I hear that a good many trained nurses are taking instruction." - "Do you manufacture the coffins you use?"

"Coffins? Why, bless you, coffins have almost disappeared from the face of the earth; nobody is buried in a coffin nowadays except when it is necessary to get something very cheap. They cost only $10 to $12. Coffins have been displaced by caskets. Thirty years ago, however, there was no demand for caskets - people wouldn't pay for them in those days, when a $35 coffin was about the best to be had. Undertakers then manufactured coffins as they needed them - 'to order,' you might say; or they were put together by cabinet makers, who, by the way, often combined the business of undertaking with the manufacture and sale of furniture. Now, hardly an undertaker in the country makes his own coffins or caskets; they are factory made, and the undertaken buys of the manufacturer or the jobber. It may perhaps interest you to learn that the first factory for making coffins on a large scale by the aid of machinery was established at Allegheny, Pa., in 1865 - 31 years ago. Previous to that a number of coffin manufactories had been set up in various parts of the country, but in most of them the work was done by hand, and the sale of their products was almost wholly local. After 1865 the business developed rapidly and there are now in the United States 60 or more factories with capital ranging from $50,000 to $3,000,000 each, and a great number employing less capital. The introduction of the modern casket contributed greatly toward the changes in the methods of manufacture, because in the making of the simplets of caskets more machinery is required than for the production of coffins. With the establishment of manufacturing on a large scale came the adoption of the usual business methods. Trade is now canvassed by 'drummers,' and the business is conducted with the same energy and enterprise that characterize every other large branch of trade. There are many patents on caskets and coffins, and on furnishings and undertakers' supplies. - "Do you know there is a 'fashion' in burial caskets? Well, there is. New styles are constantly being brough out, and many improvements are made yearly. The present idea seems to be to get a casket that doesn't look like a casket. For adults a new style has just been introduced, the sides and ends of which drop down, leaving the whole body exposed from head to foot, lying in an easy position - usually on the side - on a couch that has one end raised, just as if he or she had lain down on an ordinary couch to sleep. Another novelty is a child's casket, the sides and ends of which fold down, so that it looks exactly like a crib.

"There was a time, not long ago, when what is called 'earth to earth burial' was in great vogue here. By this system the dead were interred in caskets of woven wicker work, the idea being to hasten the dissolution of the body into its original elements. The wicker caskets cost from $100 to $150. The method originated in Englad, and was taken up here to a remarkable extent, but it has gone out of fashion now, and more corpses are cremated than are buried in baskets. - "In the number of cremations, you know, the United States is now first among all countries. The first public crematory in this country, I believe, was that at Washington, Pa.; now there are quite a large number. The Fresh Pond (N. Y.) crematory probably incinerates more bodies than any other at the present time. During the 10 years of its existene nearly 2000 cremations have taken place there, the annual increase in number having been about 20 per cent., which shows that the custom is growing in favor. The bodies are incinerated in a perforated clay retort, and the ashes remaining weigh about five pounds for an adult and from a half-pound to a pound for a child. The ashes are disposed of in various ways. One New Yorker pledged his friends, before he died, to scatter his ashes from the top of the Bartholdi statue of Liberty in the harbor, and they complied with his wishes. The ashes of another, a German, were thrown into the sea by the members of a fishing club to which he had belonged, the spot selected being where they had spent many happy hours angling. A well-known actress carries with her, wherever she goes, a little bag containing a metal cylinder in which the ashes of her only child are deposited. A New York lady has placed an urn containing the ashes of her baby

in a niche in her sleeping room, and keeps it constantly surrounded with flowers. Quite a number of urns and cases are stored in safety deposit vaults. The more common way is to place them in tombs. All the crematories have 'columbaria,' in the niches of which urns or other receptacles may be sealed at a cost of from $10 to $15.

"But the great majority of people do not like the idea of exposing the bodies of their loved ones to the flames, and I fancy it will be a long time before the old fashion of burial is done away with. - "Before you go, let me tell you something that you probably are not aware of. There are many people, in good health and likely to live for years to come, who have arranged the details, and in some cases have paid the expenses of their funerals. Nearly every undertaker in Boston has several contracts for the burial of persons now as alive as we are. Some people have a superstitious feeling about making funeral arrangements in advance, but to me it seems a very sensible foresight."

[image with caption CREMATION SOCIETY'S NEW CHAPEL AT FOREST HILLS.]

TO HAVE A HANDSOME CHAPEL - Bay State Cremation Society Adding to Its Equipment. - Funeral and Commitment Services Will Be Held in the New Building and It Will Also Serve as a Repository for Urns Containing Ashes of the Dead.

A chapel is being built by the Massachusetts Cremation Society on its land off Walk Hill street, Forest Hills, in the West Roxbury district, which, when completed, will be a model of beauty. It is nearly finished. It will serve the double purpose of a chapel in which to hold funeral and commitment services and as a repository for the ashes of the dead.

The chapel is not very large, being only 65 feet long by 25 1/2 feet wide, but will sere its purpose for a number of years, it is thought. It is built beside, and connected with, the building containing the incinteration paraphernalia of the society.

The chapel, like the crematory adjoining, is constructed of block felsite and covered with a roof of red slate. At one end of the chapel is the altar and organ stand; at the opposite end is a waiting room, connected by a door with the crematory, which can be used by chief mourners and others during a service. A door near the altar of the chapel leads directly to the preparing room of the crematory. The chapel is lighted by seven windows on each of two sides, and five over the altar and four in the opposite wall. The windows are high up near the eaves and of rippling white glass, sub-divided similar to those of the Boston Public Library. The porch at the entrance is of the Romanesque style of architecture and is very beautiful. The floor of the chapel will be of marble mosaic. The basement floor will be of asphalt.

Niches will be built in the walls of the chapel, varying in size and capacity. Some will be for a single urn; others will be large enough for two or more. The niches will vary in cost, according to size and location. In the basement, which is very roomy, there will be a modern catacomb, patterned somewhat after a Roman columbarium, consisting of a number of small vaults, solidly built of brick and cement, fashioned to endure for centuries. On each vault a metallic plate may be attached, bearing an appropriate inscription. It is estimated that there will be room for at least 1000 urns. The chapel will be open at all times. - The crematory has an entrance, independent of the chapel, on the west side of the edifice. At the right of the entrance is an office, and directly ahead of the entrance is the preparing room, from which the body is cremated is placed in one of the two retorts. At the rear of those retorts is the retort room to which stands the engine used in connection with the petroleum blast.

When an incineration is to take place, for an hour or more before it occurs, the fire brick retort is heated by the full blast of all three of the burners. It is then cooled for 10 minutes or so. The body is then put into the retortt in its coffin, just as it came to the crematory. The fire clay inner door is then lowered, the outer door shut and the process of cremation begins.

The burners throw sprays of lighted petroleum across the retort, the sprays being atomized by a strong blast of air. These sprays strike projected fire bricks set out at an angle from the wall opposite that in which the burners are. When the sprays strike these bricks they are deflected downward so that they envelope in flame the coffin. The burners are capable of giving out a heat of 2500 to 3000 degrees Fahrenheit. This degree of heat, however, has been found to be more than is necessary, and only between 1200 to 1600 degrees are used.

The process requires about one hour; the quickest cremation yet known occupied 40 minutes. The time varies with the bulk of the remains.

At the conclusion of a cremation, the retort is left to cool for 24 hours before the ashes are taken out, although, when necessary, they can be removed at once. Four cremations can be accomplished in a day if the bodies are received at the proper times. The ashes of some bodies are not put in urns, but after being gathered up are scattered to the winds. The ashes of about 50 bodies have thus been scattered about the buildings of the society. The scattering of the ashes is considered to be an advanced step in cremation. - The Massachusetts Cremation Society was organized in 1891; the crematory was built in 1893. The crematory is the only one in New England, and is regarded as being the best and having the most improved methods of any crematory in the United States.

Since the organization of the society about 438 bodies have been cremated; cremations so far this year numbering 127. This latter number is considerably in advance of the number in past years, showing that cremation is slowly growing in popular favor.

The regulations adopted by the society are simple and direct. Every body received for cremation must, if the death occurred in Massachusetts, Rhode Island or Connecticut, be accompanied by the usual burial permit required by law before burial, and by a certificate from the medical examiner of the district within which the death occurred. The same rules apply to bodies received from other states, with the additional requirement that the body must be accompanied by the certificate of two bona fide physi0 cians, one of whom shall have been the attending physician.

HOMES OF THE DEAD. - Beautiful Cemeteries In and About Boston. - [image of sculpture with caption SCULPTOR FRENCH'S GREAT WORK OF ART, ON THE GRAVE OF MARTIN MILLMORE, ON POPLAR AVENUE, FOREST HILLS CEMETERY.] - Graves of Famous People and How to Find Them - Some of the More Notable Tombs and Monuments at Forest Hills, Mount Auburn, Mount Hope, Woodlawn and Elsewhere - Burial Places in Beautiful Attire.

Memorial day!

What thoughts the mere mention of the name arouses; what memories it revives. It seems to be a sort of connecting link between the past and present, and however the busy world may have engrossed the minds of the living, the approach of this day brings them [in?] closer kinship with the dear ones passed away, and, for the time being, at least, causes all other matters to [ink?] into comparative insignificance.

Originated as a memorial to the dead soldiers of the war, it almost spon[t?]aneously grew beyond those prescrbed [l?]imits, until now it is a memorial to [?] the dead, and on Wednesday, while the members of the G.A.R. are [s?]aying their tender tributes on the graves of old comrades, thousands of

other persons will take the opportunity of spending a period in communion with their dead, whether or not the war had with them an immediate or remote connection, or no connection at all.

In anticipation of the day, the different cemeteries are now assuming their most beautiful attire, and if the visitor is prompted by no deeper sentiment than curiosity, he will be well repaid by a visit to some of them at this time of the year.

If the visitor is of an artistic turn of mind, he can find food for study in some of the magnificent exhibits from the sculptor's hand, or in the flowers or walks, and, if it be that he is on history bent, in many instances, it can be read no more truly than on the gravestones. He will find himself agreeably. SURPRISED AT MANY AN ODD TURN.

For example, every one knows where Warren fell. The noble shaft on Bunker Hill is sufficiently accurate in its location to denote the spot, but every one does not know where the remains of Warren repose at the present time. There is a delusion sufficiently widespread to be termed popular that he lies near the shaft which is consecrated to his memory and to that of his brave comrades, but this is purely a delusion.

On the contrary, his remains repose in a quiet nook at Forest Hills cemetery, beside those of his father, grandmother and other members of his family, in a tomb so modestly marked that the ordinary visitor might pass and repass it a hundred times in a day without being aware of the fact. The grave is located on Mt. Warren, not far from the main entrance to the cemetery, and the big natural boulder which marks it, together with the plain slate slabs on which the names are carved, are partially hidden from sight by the sheltering embrace of a large weepingbeech tree.

Around the name and deeds of Warren clings a romantic interest which will live so long as his name lives on the PAGES OF AMERICAN HISTORY. No one who has read of Bunker Hill can fail to experience a thrill at the mention of the name of the gallant doctor, and so it is that those of the Memorial day crowds who are aware of the place where he is buried shape their footsteps in that direction at once, while those who stumble on it by accident experience a pecular sensation of satisfaction at the discovery.

A more beautiful spot it would be hard to imagine. From the knoll on which the grave is situated the view is magnificent, with little Lake Hibiscus in the immediate foreground and the Blue Hills in the hazy distance.

The gravestone of Mrs. Deborah Warren, grandmother of the doctor, is probably the oldest in the cemetery. She died in 1749, and the original slate headstone is even now in a well preserved condition, with her name and age carved on it in th eold style of lettering. As a work of art it forms an interesting contrast to some of the magnificent carvings which are raised near it. The bodies were transferred to this cemetery about a half-century ago. - FOREST HILLS. - Over 200 Acres in Extent, and the Finest Cemetery in New England.

Forest Hills has been termed by many the finest cemetery in New England. It was first opened in 1848, and since that time its original territory hs been added to, until it now covers an area of over 200 acres of land in the West Roxbury district.

And it is a veritable "city of the dead," with its 28,000 bodies reposing there, but that fact does not oppressively present itself to the visitor. On the contrary, the entire character of the place is such that it seems more in the nature of a large, pleasant park than a place of burial. The finely graded walks, shady paths and romantic corners with which it abounds, seems to chisel off much of the sharpness of the pain of those who have loved ones there, and to help them looko upon the place as a pleasant home.

The approach to its presents a scene of almost marvellous beauty at this time of the year. The broad street winds up to the magnificent entrance, with its splendid stone arches, by the side of which is the pretty Gothic chapel, all covered with ivy; and once inside a short drive to the hill on the left brings the visitor to one of the finest spots in the grounds - Magnolia avenue.

One of the most striking lots on this avenue is that of J.R. Thomas, the sugar refiner. It is a splendid tract, with a magnificent granite sarcophagus marking the place. One the opposite side of the avenue are several new stones worthy of note. One of the first to be met is that erected by Silas Peirce, the wholesale grocer, to the memory of his wife. It is of Westerly granite, and is near a new sarcophagus of Quincy granite, erected by Mr. C.L. Pitkin. Just beyond these is a splendid shaft over the grave of A.J. Houghton, the brewer. On the opposite side of this avenue is another new piecea large cross, cut out of Tennessee marble. It marks the lot of A.W. Tufts, and is a beautiful specimen of carving. On this avenue are located the lots of Willis Robinson, Marcellus Eldridge, the Portmouth (N.H.) brewer, and George A. White, president of the Potter Drug & Chemical Company, all of which have been sold under conditions which bid fair to make that avenue the finest in the place.

Over toward the central part of the cemetery, on Rock Maple avenue, is a new stone which marks the last resting place of Calvin A. Richards, president of the old Metropolitan Railroad Company. It was designed by Fehmer & Page, and is beautiful in the simplicity of its design - a sarcophagus of Tennessee marble, on the front of which is a carved wreath and the family name. The approach to it is a flight of steps of Westerly granite.

To the left of Lake Hibiscus is a grave near which more than one visitor ponders tenderly. It is THAT OF ANDREW CARNEY, the founder of the Carney Hospital, and although the marble monument which surmounts it was a beautiful thing in its day, and for that mattter, is yet, it pales into insignifance beside some of the structures of later years.

On Caladium avenue, near the grave of Carney, are two new stones. One is a sarcophagus of Westerly granite erected on the lot of James Phillips, Jr., and the other a monument, something after the Egyptian style, on the lot of James Graham, president of the International Trust Company.

Not far from each other rest the remains of two old proprietors of the Boston Journal - William Warland Clapp and Charles O. Rogers. Mr. Clapp's grave is on Forest avenue, modestly marked, while that of Mr. Rogers is on Larch avenue.

A neat, but unpretentious, stone has been recently erected on Bellevue avenue, over the grave of Mr. C.L.B. Whitney, in life the junior member of the law firm of Gaston & Whitney, and not far from this is the lot of Dr. H. E. Marion of Brighton, who recently erected a new monument, on the pedestal of which is a fine carving of the Madonna and Child in Italian marble, which was an exhibition at the World's fair. A magnificent sarcophagus of Scotch granite has recently been put in place over the grave of Silas Potter on Beach avenue. A FAVORITE PILGRIMAGE for all lovers of free speech is the grave of Horace Seaver, for many years editor of the Boston Investigator. It is located in a sunny spot near the foot of Crescent avenue, and is marked by a handsome column erected by his admirers. Nearby, on Polyanthas path, is the family lot of Mr. S.A. Wetmore of the school board, in whch are buried his three little girls, whose deaths within a year were tragic in their suddenness.

Over on the southerly side of the cemetery, on Citron avenue and Spirea path, is the grave of K. Nishibayashi, a Japanese minister who died in this city several years ago, and whose grave is marked by a peculiar looking monument of Scotch granite, covered with Japanese characters.

On Catalpa avenue is a new monument, to the memory of Jacob Wirth, a former well known restaurateur. The base is of Scotch granite and is to be surmounted by a fine statue.

An interesting lot to all lovers of music is that of Oliver Ditson, on Rhododendron path and Poplar avenue. It is marked by a fine marble statue of St. John, by Ball. Nearbuy is the family lot of Mr. John C. Haynes, Mr. Ditson's old partner. THE BOSTON FIREMEN'S LOT, on Cypress and Poplar avenues is a place which has many visitors, and just opposite is the grave of Samuel Crocker Cobb, once mayor of Boston. One of the most striking features in the cemetery is the work of art which marks the grave of Martin Millmere, the sculptor, by French, which represents the angel of death interrupting the sculptor at work on a figure of the Sphinx.

In a neighboring spot is the Roxbury soldiers' lot, with its fine monument of a soldier at "parade rest." It is located at the junction of Sycamore and Poplar avenues. But a short distance away, at the junction of Lime and Spruce avenues, is the lot dedicated to the army nurses by Woman's Relief corps 63, happily without an occupant as yet.

In keeping with the simple and unpretentious character of the man, is the stone recently erected over the grave of William Gaston, once mayor of Boston. This grave is on White Pine avenue, and the simple stone of white marble bears only the name of the man who occupied such a high place in the minds and hearts of his fellow-citizens. ONE OF THE ODDEST and yet simplest designs in the place is the stone which marks the lot of Joseph W. Clark, late of Dedham. It was designed by Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, and is a long [low?] structure of Scotch granite, finely polished, marked off into a series of slabs for inscriptions. Along the front is the inscription: "O Death, where is thy victory? O Grave, where is thy sting? Them what sleep in Jesus shall God bring with him."

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[image of tombstone with caption TABLET ON GRAVE OF JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL, ON FOUNTAIN AVENUE, MT. AUBURN.]

[image of tombstone with caption MARBLE MEMORIAL RECENTLY ERECTED ON GRAVE OF PHILLIPS BROOKS, MIMOSA PATH, OFF SPRUCE AVENUE, MT. AUBURN.]

On Bellflower path and Cherry avenue near the entrance to the present cemetery, is the grave of Benjamin F. Sawyer, about which there is nothing remarkable except that it was the first lot ever sold in the place, more than 40 years ago. Not far from this lot, on Cherry and Aspen avenues, is the grave of James Walker, president of Harvard College from 1853 to 1860; on Sweet Briar path, leading to the grotto, is the grave of Carl Heinzen, the great humanitarian, and in the same locality, on Violet path, a beautiful shaft marks the resting place of Gen. Henry A.S. Dearborn, who laid out the cemetery. One of the finest monuments in the place is on Warren Hill, where it marks the grave of Marshall P. Wilder, the president and founder of the American Pomological Society, and another structure worthy of particular note is the tomb on the George L. Randage lot, near the main entrance. This was designed by Karl Fehmer, and is surmounted by a figure of Grief.

PROBABLY THE FINEST TOMB in the p lace is that of Joseph H. Chadwick, president of the Chadwick Lead Works, and also president of the cemetery corporation. It was designed by Preston and is located on Fountain avenue, fronting on Lake Hibiscus.

Forest Hills is one of the most striking examples of the contrast between the old burying ground and the new cemetery. One feature about it is that every lot is sold under a guarantee of perpetual care, and from the sume paid in for the lot a certain proportion is laid aside for this particular purpose. For this reason it is almost impossible to find there a grave which is choked with weeds or grass, showing but too sadly that the past is obscured by the present in the minds of the relatives.

By this provision the relatives of the deceased are relieved of the work of attending to the graves, and not only that they are attended to whether the relatives are desirous of having the work done or not.

A small army of workmen are at work in the place the year round, under the direction of the superintendent, Mr. John G. Barker, who has been in charge of the place for the past eight years, and who is proud of it, as well he may be.

Mr. Barker is an enthusiastic horticulturist, and the fine display of flowers at the cemetery bears silent, but convincing, testimony to his care. Some of the features belonging to the cemetery itself which are worth visiting are the chapel; the magnificent greenhouses, now in the zenith of their annual glory; the great stone bell tower; the grotto, formed of natural rock and tastefully arranged with summer hours, rustic bridges and walks, and the magnificent stone bridge built at a cost of $20,000, which arches a wide ravine connecting the cemetery with a new purchase. - MT. AUBURN. - The Last Earthly Resting Place of People Famous in Many Walks of Life.

There is probably no burial place in New England at which can be found on Memorial day such a gathering of pilgrims representing so many different walks in life as at Mt. Auburn. It is the last earthly resting place of a noted concourse - famous preachers, great actors and actresses, distinguished writers and scientists of note, and on this day come thousands, some from distant parts of the country, for the purpose of paying a loving tribute in a personal visit.

Even if there was nothing of this nature to make a visit attractive, the natural beauty of the place would be in itself sufficient to repay the traveller for a ramble through it. Its velvety lawns, beautiful floral displays, shady walks, and magnificent bursts of scenery can hardly be surpassed.

Mt. Auburn was consecrated a little over 60 years years ago, and at the present time has a silent population of about 30,000 persons within its area of 140 acres or thereabouts. It might be termed one of the pioneers of the modern cemetery system, which transformed the old-time burial lot, located in some distant spot, unkempt and repelling and a place to be dreaded, into a pleasant park, with carefully caredfor graves, and an air about it which seems to invite happy communion with those who have passed away.

In the early stages of the corporation some of the lots were sold without any specifications regarding the care of them, but this error, for such it has proven to be, was long ago rectified, and now every lot is disposed of under the "provision of PERPETUAL CARE."

Under the early system the lot owners were privileged to care for their own places, and although the scheme worked will in many cases, after it passed into the control of a second generation carelessness was frequently apparent, which did not speak well for the affection for the living nor for the general appearance of the home of the dead.

In other cases, the families changed their residences, and in still others the dead were all too soon forgotten, so that the result was a wild tangle of grass and shrubbery. The modern system is a barrier to all this, but even today an occasional grave is to be found which bears this neglected appearance - a legacy of the looser methods of other days and of the forgetfulness of those to whom the dead might have looked for remembrance.

If the visitor desires to take a short stroll through the grounds, and on in which he can visit most of the interesting features, here is a map of a route which will meet both requirements: Passing in at the large gateway and straight ahead down the avenue, let him turn off at Chapel avenue and go in the direction of the chapel, located on the brow of a commanding knoll. One of the first monuments of note which he will meet will be that of Nathaniel Bowditch, the famous navigator - a splendid representation in bronze. A little farther up the hill is the family lot of Bishop Lawrence, and just ahead, on Pine avenue, almost opposite the chapel, is the grave of Col. Robert Gould Shaw. This latter grave has a large number of visitors on Decoration day, many of whom are colored people, who hold him in grateful remembrance.

A little farther along, on Gentian path, is the monument to the memory of Benjamin Franklin, and crossing Spruce avenue at this point one reaches Mimosa path, on which is located THE BROOKS FAMILY LOT. Over the grave of the late bishop of Masachusetts has lately been erected a plain headstone of white marble, on

[image of tombstone with caption MEMORIAL ON GRAVE OF EDWIN BOOTH ANEMONE PATH, MT. AUBURN.]

which is carved: "Phillips Brooks. Dec. 13, 1835. Jan. 23, 1893. Rector of the Church of the Advent, Philadelphia, 1859-1862. Rector of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Philadelphia, 1862-1869. Rector of Trinity Church, Boston, 18691891. Bishop of the Diocese of Massachusetts, 1891-1893." On the base of the stone is the sentence: "Him that overcometh I will make a pillar in the temple of my God."

The grave of the great preacher shows that he has not been forgotten. It is constantly bright with flowers, placed there nearly every day, although it must not be assumed from this that the other graves are neglected. On the contrary, the entire lot is bright with myrtle.

This lot is also a rendezvous for the soldiers on Decoration day, because George Brooks, who is buried there, was a soldier in the late war, a member of company A, 45th Massachusetts volunteers, and died at Newbern at the early age of 24 years.

Back to Spruce avenue again, and continuing on its course, the traveller soon finds himself passing Columbine path, at the junction of which and the avenue is a simple gravestone, on which is carved a name which attracts his attention at once. It simply reads "DOROTHEA L. DIX." This is the last resting place of the great humanitarian, and over her grave still floats a flag, signifying that the boys in blue do not neglect it on Memorial day any more than she did them some 30 years ago.

Passing along to Vesper avenue, under the shelter of the west side fence, is found th grave of Christopher Pease Cranch, th artist, over which has recently been erected a modest stone bearing his name. Another new monument in that section, and one which attracts some notice, is that on the lot of Theodore S. Dame, the lawyer.

At the junction of Cyclamen path and Spruce avenue is the grave of Dr. William T.G. Morton, who claimed to be the first to apply ether in this country, while not far away, on Mountain avenue, is the grave of Dr. Jackson, who disputed that claim in favor of himself.

If, when passing along Spruce avenue, the visitor turns off to theleft just before he comes to Alice pond, he will have to take but a few steps till he comes to the grave of Mary Hemenway, which has recently been marked by a simple headstone, on which is the modest inscription, "Mary Hemenway, 1820-1894." She lies beside her husband, Augustus Hemenway, and two other members of the family, over the grave of each of whom is a stone of similar design and modesty of marking. In memory of one of the family, Alice pond is named.

Coming back again to Spruce avenue, the tomb of Anson Burlingame, once minister from China to the United States, is found, and just after passing that, Anemone path is reached. A little way up on the right hand side of this path is located the

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GRAVE OF EDWIN BOOTH. [?] which has recently been placed a beautiful memorial. It is a marble slab, on one side of which is a bronze [t?]ablet, with the head of the famous [?]ctor in bas-relief. Just above the bronze is the name "Booth," and below [i?]t is the inscription: "Edwin Booth. Born Nov. 13, 1833. Died Jan. 7, 1893. I will turn their mourning into joy, and will comfort them and make them re[j?]oice from their sorrow. Jeremiah xxxi.: 13."

The inscription on the reverse side of the stone reads:

The idea of they life shall sweetly creep Into my study of imagination, And every lovely organ of they life Shall come apparelled in more precious habit, More moving delicate and full of life Into the eye and prospect of my soul Than when thou Ily'st indeed._Shakespeare.

From Booth's grave the prospect is something almost indescribably beautiful at this season of the year, with little Alice pond at the foot of the [?]ill on which it is situated, and the long stretch of wooded hills ranging off into the distance.

From this point can be seen some of the most noted graves in the cemetery. Just b[a?]ck of it, on Bellworth path, is the memorial to that famous woman, MARGARET FULLER, and the graves of Timothy Fuller and of Chaplain Fuller, who was killed while crossing the Rappahannock at the attack on Fredericksburg. Margaret Fuller's remains do not repose in the family lot, of course, as she and her husband, Count Ossoli were lost at sea in 1850.

Near the Fuller lot is the grave of a man whose name has figured prominently in the papers of late in connection with the discussion of the demolition of the present State House, and the erection of a new structure - that of Charles Bulfinch. It is marked by a large brown stone monument, with an urn of the same material on top of it.

The inscription on the front of it tells the whole story, as follows: "Sacred to the Memory of Charles Bulfinch, Born in Boston A.D. 1763; Graduated at Harvard College, A.D. 1781; Chairman of the Selectmen of Boston from 1797 to 1817; Architect of the State House of Massachusetts from 1795 to 1798; and of the Capitol of the United States, from 1817 to 1830. He closed a pure and honored life with Christian submission April 15, 1844. Mourned by a numerous family."

A neighboring lot is that of LOUIS AGASSIZ, the celebrated scientist, and not far away is the family lot of ex-Gov. Washburn. All of these lots mentioned from that of Mrs. Hemenway, are plainly visible from the grave of Edwin Booth.

On Anemone path, nearer to Spruce avenue than the Booth grave, is the lot of Dr. James R. Chadwick, president of the cremation society, and in the stone which he has there erected to the memorty of his wife are deposited her ashes.

Continuing the ramble toward the rear section of the cemetery, the traveller comes suddenly on a flat stone marked with a large cross and situated in a pleasant, sunny lot at the junction of Crystal avenue and Jonquil path. It is the last resting-place of WILLIAM WARREN, for so many years the Boston Museum favorite.

Beyond Warren's grave the visitor comes on the newer part of the cemetery, and what is said to be by far the pleasantest section of it. Several new stones have recently been erected in this section of the cemetery, on the Niles, Sampson and Locke lots of Crystal avenue and on the lot of Mason Darwin Benson, for many years treasurer of the Fitchburg road. Samuel Johnson, of the firm of C.F. Hovey & Co., has recently placed in position a beautiful sarcophagus on Opal path, and on Eagle avenue, in the same section of the cemetery, a fine stone has been erected on the lot of Caleb C. Allen of the old Cambridge firm of Allen & Endicott.

A bit of St. Gaudens' work is found on the stone on the grave of Henry Coffin Nevins, the Methuen millionaire, which is located on Eagle avenue, and not far off a new monument of Quincy granite has been placed in position on the grave of Charles E. Powers, once the president of the old Middlesex railroad.

On Magnolia avenue, as one swings around on the hillside, is the grave of EDWARD EVERETT, father of the present congressman. During one of the storms of last winter a branch of one of the trees which shade the grave was wrenched off, and, falling across the lot, broke some of the headstones, which have not yet been repaired.

Farther around on the side of the hill on Palm avenue, is the monument to Charlotte Cushman, and up nearer the top, on the east side of the observatory which crowns the summit, is the large Harvard College lot. President Kirkland is buried there, and two of the new stones which have been placed there are over the graves of Herman August Hagen, professor of natural history, and Evangelinus Apostolides Sophocles, professor of Greek. Count de Pourtales, the friend of Agassiz, is also buried in this lot.

The recent smallpox scare and the discussion which ensued on the merits of vaccination lend a peculiar interest to the grave of Dr. Benjamin Waterhouse, first professor of the theory and practice of physic at Harvard. He is said to have been the first person to introduce the practice of vaccination into the new world, and in order to testify his full belief in its efficacy, and to silence sceptics, he tested it on his own children. His grave is marked with a monument at the corner of Willow and Oak avenues.

The visitor encounters but little of special interest in the rest of the circuit until he strikes Indian ridge, which is between the college lot and the entrance to the cemetery. Here, in close proximity to each other are the graves of Longfellow, Thomas Motley, Artemus Ward and Francis Parkman. Over Parkman's grave a small headstone has been lately erected.

Just over the hill from Longfellow's grave is the grave of JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL, on Fountainavenue. There is hardly a more modest lot in the entire cemetery, and yet there is, perhaps, none which attracts more visitors. Over the grave of the author of the Bigelow papers a small slate headstone has recently been placed in position, but it is so unpretentious that the passer-by would have to take a sharp look at it, as well as the others, before he would be aware of the distinguished company which rests under the ash trees.

It is a great spot for the literary men, and it is also a favorite resort for the soldiers. Three of the boys in blue who gave up their lives in the late ware lie buried there, and in the history of each of them there is a bit of pathos which touches a responsive chord in the heart of everyone who pauses to read the inscriptions.

Charles Russell Lowell was colonel of the 2nd Massachusetts Cavalry and died from wounds received at the battle of Cedar Creek. William Lowell Putnam belonged to the 20th Massachusetts regiment, and was killed at the battle of Ball's Bluff at the early age of 20 years. James Jackson Lowell was a lieutenant in the 29th Massachusetts, and was wounded at Glendale, Va., from the effects of which he died July 4, 1862.

The inscription on the headstone of James Russell Lowell is cute in the oldfashioned style, and reads as follows: "Sacred to the memory of James Russell Lowell, born 1819, died 1891, and of his wife, Maria White, born 1821, died 1853, and also of his second wife, Frances Dunlap, born 1825, died 1885."

Over the grave of the late Leopold Morse, on Fountain avenue, a large monument has just been erected, and two other new pieces not far away are a red granite runic cross over the grave of Leif Ericcson's champion, Prof. Horsford, on Hazel Dell path, and a handsome slab of Tennessee marble, laid prone on the grave of Julius Eichberg on Linden path.

If the visitor be desirous of continuing his researches still farther and of roaming a little out of the circular path indicated, he will find himself repaid by a visit to the grave of WILLIAM ELLERY CHANNING on Greenbriar path; of Rufus Choate, on Walnut avenue; of Fanny Fern, on Eglantine path; of Charles Sumner, on Arethusa path; the Chickering monument, on Magnolia avenue, and the Whitney monument, on Oriole path; also to the chapel, situated on Chapel avenue, where there are find statues of John Winthrop, first Govener of Massachusetts; James Otis, John Adams and Judge Story. The Sphinx opposite the chapel, from the chisel of Martin Milmore, is also worthy of a visit, and so is the tower on Mountain avenue, which is about 200 feet above the sea level. - MT. HOPE. - The Favorite Burial Place of Social and Secret Societies.

Mt. Hope is, perhaps, more than any other place of its kind in this vicinity, the burial place of members of different secret social societies, and for that reason it has a tremendous number of visitors on Memorial day.

This cemetery is owned by the city, and on that account many assume that

[image of tombstone with caption MONUMENT OF LOT ON SCOTTISH RITE MASONS, CORNER OF HIGHLAND AND WALNUT AVENUES, MT. HOPE CEMETERY.]

It is a sort of Potter's field, but this assumption is incorrect. Only 15 of its 107 acres are laid out for the graves for the poor, while the remainder of it is sold under the same conditions which prevail in other cemeteries. It was started less than 50 years ago, but some idea of its growth may be obtained from the mere statement that there are at the present time about 47,000 persons buried there. Of this number, nearly 30,000 are buried in the part set aside for the special use of the city.

It is well cared for under the direction of the manager, Mr. Charles A. Belford, and of Mr. James H. Morton, who is the superintendent of the grounds. Some sections of it are extremely beautiful although as a whole it cannot be compared to its neighbor, Forest Hills, or to Mt. Auburn.

It has several striking features which are well worth a visit. One of these is THE ELKS' LOT on Walnut avenue, not far from the entrance, with its splendid statue of an elk in the centre.

On the opposite side of this avenue, at the corner of Highland avenue and almost directly across from the Elks' lot, are two new monuments which have lately been placed in position through the generosity of Mr. John H. Collamore. One of these is a magnificent sarcophagus of Quincy granite, standing on a large lot, which has been presented to Boston commandery, Knights Templars, by Mr. Collamore. Next to this lot is a magnificent monument of Quincy granite on a large lot which Mr. Collamore intends to present to the Scottish Rite Masons. This lot has not yet been dedicated, but probably will be in the fall.

On Greenwood avenue, just beyond these lots, a new stone has recently been erected on the lot of Granville O. Seaverns of Roslindale. On Rock avenue is the Old Men's lot, with its rows of little headstones showing that it has already a number of occupants, some of whom lived to an age which earned from them a place there beyond the question of a doubt. Nearby are the lots of the Home for Incurables and of the Temporary Home for the Destitute. On this latter lot has been placed a stone to the memory of Anne Llewellyn Gwynne, who was for 38 years the matron of the home.

Bearing well to the right, Lee avenue is reached, and on this thoroughfare is located one of the most unique points of interest in the place -

THE CHINAMAN'S LOT. In the distance it looks like a large brick tomb or a small chapel, but a closer inspection shows that it is neither. It is simply a fireplace, in which are burned the offerings of rice paper and the like. which are brought out at every Chinese funeral.

Whenever there is a ceremony of this sort, the relatives of the deceased carry out a large lot of rice paper, roasted pig, fowl, oranges and the like, and offer the whole as a sacrifice. The paper is to be burned, and it used to be the fashion to burn it on the grave of the deceased, but this practice grew to be dangerous on account of the liability of the fire spreading, and so the trustees ordered a discountinuance.

It was deemed necessary to the ceremony, however, and when the Chinamen protested, they were told that, if they wished to continue the ceremony, they would have to build a place for the fires. This they decided to do, and the result is the structure which has been erected on the lot. It consists of a low brick wall surrounding two fireplaces made in the shape of small chimneys, and in these fireplaces the sacrifice is now offered.

The lot is entirely covered by the structure, and none of the deceased are buried there. As a rule, theya re interred in the city section, from which they are eventually exhumed and sent to China for final interment.

Leaving this spot and moving toward the southerly portion of the cemetery, the visitor comes on the lots of the British and Scots CHARITABLE SOCIETIES, adjoining each other on Elmwood avenue. They are decorated with fine monuments which seem to reproach the surroundings. These lots have not been sold under the provisions of perpetual care, and the consequence is that at certain times of the year they present a most unkempt appearance. All the cemetery authorities are required to do is to mow the grass twice a year, but it needs no elaborate explanation to make the reader understand that this is not sufficient to keep these places looking as well as those whose perpetual care is provided for.

One of the finest lots in the cemetery is that of Charles Russell Lowell post 7. It is beautifully situated, and the monument which marks the lot is made of four cannon, three of them stacked and the fourth pointing to the skies from the muzzles of the others. At the corners of the lot are mounted cannon, and at the entrance are two

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[image of monument with caption KNIGHTS TEMPLARS LOT, CORNER OF HIGHLAND AND WALNUT AVENUES, MT. HOPE.]

[image with caption THE CHINAMEN'S LOT ON LEE AVENUE, MT. HOPE.]

small pillars surmounted by two large shells. The cannon, shot and shell were presented to the association by the 42d Congress. The edges of the lot are bounded by flower beds, one of which has the name of the post in flowers, and the other two floral corps badges.

On Woodbine path, off Webster avenue, is a monument which will have an interest for all Irishmen. It is that of John Edward Kelly, and was erected through the efforts of the late John Boyle O'Reilly. It is a miniature representation of an old Irish round tower, and the inscription on the front of it tells the whole story: "Sacred to the memory of John Edward Kelly, an Irish patriot and exile, born in Kinsale, Ireland, 1849, died in Boston, January, 1884. He was engaged in the attempted Irish revolution of 1867, was captured arms in hand at Kilclooney Wood, was tried by English law for high treason and was sentenced to be hanged, drawn and quartered; was transported with 62 other Irish patriots to the West Australia penal colony, 1867; was released from prison 1871. By religion a Protestant; by nature a brave man; by birth and principle a solider of liberty. God save Ireland."

On Oakland avenue is the TRINITY CHURCH LOT, on which a very pretty stone has been erected to the memory of many parishioners, and near it is what is known as the Veterans' lot. This is not the regular soldiers and sailors' lot, but one which was set apart for a special purpose by the city council, a few years ago.

Under the rules, the only person who can be interred in the large soldiers and sailors' lot is one who helped to form Boston's quota in the late war, so that a number of old soldiers who did not come in that category had to be interred in the city lots. Some of the city fathers thought the matter over, and decided that this was not exactly gratitude. The result was the setting apart of this little plot and the removal thither of the bodies which had been interred in the large lot.

Perhaps the finest lot in the entire place is that of the Odd Fellows, on Central avenue. It has an area of 5000 square feet, and in the centre of the plot is a splendid monument representing Jonathan and David.

The soldiers and sailors' lot is near by, on Greenwood avenue, where it occupies a commanding position. More than 200 veterans are laid at rest within its limits. A neighboring lot to this is that of William H. Seavey, for many years principal of the girls' high and normal school.

This cemetery is noted for the beauty of its floral pieces, and this year it promises to sustain its reputation. There are several fine designs, one of which, a large open Bible, has been an object of special interest for the past 15 years. - WOODLAWN. - A Large Part of It Devoted to Park Purposes - Some Recent Monuments.

Woodlawn cemetery in Everett is an extremely popular place for Memorial day travellers. It is not so large as Forest Hills, having an area of but 150 acres, but even that entitles it to a rank among the leaders, while its beauty gives it a deserved prominence.

The place was founded by a corporation about 40 years ago, and although started on a small scale, it has grown to splendid proportions. A large part of it is devoted to park purposes, and from the approach there is nothing to suggest the real character of the place except the inscription over the entrance gate, "I am the resurrection and the life."

Supt. Marshall has been at the head of the work there for the past 18 years, and is responsible for many of the original features. Some of his floral designs are quite noted. He has just completed two which are extemely pretty. One is a large open book, and the other is a magnificient mound, on different parts of the side of which are floral representations of the badges of

different orders, such as the Grand Army, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, Masons, etc.

Some of the recently placed monuments are those over the graves of Isaac Stebbins, once mayor of Chelsea; Elisha W. Converse, the well known Malden millionaire and philanthropist; Fred H. Odiorne of Malden, Cyrus Carpenter, who was killed by the electric cars on Boynston street about two years ago, and Horatio Wellington, the well known Charlestown coal man. This latter piece is located on Terrace avenue, and is a beautiful shaft. Not far away is a new stone recently erected on the lot of C.L. Eaton of the firm of S.S. Pierce & Co., and close by are the graves of D.D. Kelley, once a large shipbuilder of East Boston, and Samuel W. Mason, for many years supervisor of schools in Boston.

On Greenbank avenue an old stone marks the grave of Sylvanus Cobb, Jr., the noted writer.

Perhaps the most conspicuous lot in the entire place is that of Theodore Winthrop post 35, G.A.R., of Chelsea. It is splendidly situated, and the big lot is marked by a monument formed of four cannon loaned by the United States government. This cemetery is a great resort for Grand Army posts on Decoration day, no less than five different organizations decorating graves there.

Its old tower is in itself worth a visit, and there are wooded drives in the place so laid out that once in them the visitor might easily imagine himself miles from any habitation. - OTHER HOMES OF THE DEAD. - King's Chapel Burying Ground the Oldest - Catholic Cemeteries.

Some of the cemeteries are rich in historic interest, but they are not the gathering-places for Decoration day throngs. From most of them visitors are debarred. King's Chapel burying ground is said to be the oldest in the city, and contains the remains of Gov. Winthrop, Gov. Shirley and many other early dignitaries of the old province. The Old Granary is of a later date, and contains the bodies of many of the early celebrities. Eight Governors rest there, and with them repose Peter Faneuil, Paul Revere, the parents of Benjamin Franklin and the victims of the Boston massacre.

A burial ground of still later date is the Central, located on the Common. There is nothing of particular note about it, however. Copp's Hill burying ground on Charter street is a famous old place, but Decoration day visitors are few in number. Its most noted occupants are the members of the Mather family. For these and for the South burying ground back of the Conservatory of Music, the Eliot at the corner of Washington and Eustis streets, the Kearsarge on Kearsarge avenue, and the Hawes cemetery, the board of health cares, as well as for many of the smaller places in different sections of the city. Mr. McDonald is the guardian angel of Copp's Hill, but the other seven named are looked after by Mr. L. W. Ross. The appropriation for the care of these is hardly enough to pay for keeping them in a fairly presentable condition.

Of the Catholic cemeteries, Holyhood is, perhaps, the most interesting in this vicinity on account of the grave of John Boyle O'Reilly, which is the rendezvous for a number of travellers on Memorial day. It is a beautiful spot. Hon. Thomas J. Gargan has recently erected a beautiful monolith there, over the grave of his wife, and James Jeffrey Roche has placed a monument in position on his lot.

St. Augustine's cemetery in South Boston, is the oldest Catholic cemetery in the city. It was established in 1818, and one of its first occupants was Francis Antony Matignon, one of the earliest Catholic clergymen in Boston. Dr. O'Flaherty, who carried on one side of the great controversy with Dr. Lyman Beecher, is also buried there.

As a rule, the Catholic cemeteries are not so attractice as the best class of Protestant burial places. This is partially due to a lack of funds, and partly to the fact that the system under which they have been managed has been defective. A steady improvement is noticeable, and in this movement the Boston Catholic Cemetery Association is a pioneer.

This body controls three large Catholic cemeteries at the present time, perhaps the most noted of which is Calvary cemetery at West Roxbury, near Mt. Hope. Some of the places of note there are the lot of the Redemptorist Fathers, near the chapel; that of Col. Strachan, late of the 9th regiment, on Chestnut avenue, over whose grave a handsome monument has been erected; the lot of Senator Leary, on which he has lately placed a new monument of Scotch granite, and the lot of Dr. Horgan of South Boston, which is surmounted by a beautiful new shaft.

John L. Sullivan's mother is also buried there, and the big pugilist put some of his money to good advantage in the erection on the lot of a very fine monument. Rev. Richard J. Barry of St. Cecilia's Church has a beautiful monument on his lot there, and the archbishop owns a lot near the chapel, the only occupant of which at the present time is Rev. Richard Donnelly, first pastor of St. Joseph's Church, Medford.

Holy Cross cemetery at Malden holds the remains of "Joe" Barker, late of the Boston Transcript, and his memory will not be neglected by those of the newspaper fraternity.

Some of the veterans of three wars pay an annual visit to the grave of an old comrade - that of Gen. Lewis G. Arnold at St. Mary's cemetery, Newton Lower Falls. Gen. Arnold took an active part in the Seminole wars in Florida, in the Mexican war and in the war of the rebellion, until he was stricken with paralysis in New Orleans in 1862. He then came to South Boston, where he made his home until he died in 1871. His grave is marked by a simple stone, and is visible from the street fronting the cemetery.

Of the other cemeteries near Boston, there is little of particular note, but each one will have its crowd of visitors to do honor to the dead, and no matter how small the place may be, so long as the grave of a soldier is there, just so long will a wreath from affectionate comrades find at least its annual way, to show that that day, at least, is not a misnomer.

A memorable occasion was celebrated last evening when Mr. Samuel P. Mandell of the firm of C.F. Hovey & Co. entertained his partners at dinner in recognition of the conclusion of his fiftieth year of uninterrupted connection with that house. Four of the gentlemen at the table had been continuously associated in business throughout that period, Mr. Samuel Johnson's term of service being fifty-six years, and Mr. Henry Woods' and Mr. William Endicott, Jr.'s, fifty-one and a half years each. Until the retirement of the late Mr. Thomas Mack and the death of Mr. George L. Lovett, these six gentlemen had been continuously associated as clerks and partners for forty-eight years, while Mr. Edward C. Johnson, the remaining senior of the firm, has formed one of the same body for thirtyeight years. It is doubtful whether this record can be paralleled by any association of gentlemen.

Are not the ashes of the dead as sacred as the mortal remains which still retain their human form? This would seem to be a subject for the cremationists to consider, in view of the treatment that has been accorded the ashes of the inventor of the famous Ferris wheel by an undertaker in Pittsburg. Attaching the dead body of a human being is forbidden by statue in most states, and where it is not expressly forbidden it is considered so abhorrent as not to need legal prohibition. But it appears to be different with the ashes of the dead. Inventor Ferris died in poverty, something over a year ago, and an undertaker reduced his mortal remains to ashes at the request of his widow. Up to date the widow has not been able to pay the cremation expenses, and the ashes of her late husband are held by the undertaker as collateral to secure the payment of his debt. There would seem to be occasion for some legislation on the subject of the ashes of the dead.