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4) flowering the upper lip is thrown back at tip and the lower incurved so as partly to close the interior, approaching the true Scutellarinae. Corolla about 5 lines long, apparently flesh colour with a yellow throat; upper lip erect, entire, retuse, much shorter than the lower one, which is 3-lobed, lobe horizontal, middle one broadest, emarginate or slightly bilobed, lateral ones entire; corolla smooth inside, but stamens hairy at the middle; anthers purplish, smooth, but with short ciliae or teeth at the sutures. — This genus is apparently intermediate between Scutellarinae and Melissineae, but nearer the first, on account of the shape of the calyx, in flower and fruit. 287. Brazonia annua n.sp. Brazonia n.gen. calyx campanulatus indistincte nervosius, reticulatus, bilabiatus, labii superioris brevissime 3-lobi lobis truncatis, mucronatis, denticulatis demum rejectis; inferiore, breviter bilobo, demum incurvo, calycem fructiferum clandente; lobis denti; lobis omnibus denticulatis; corollae tubes exsertus, intus, prope basin piloso-annulatus; facie inferiore sub fauce concava impressa intus palatum referente; limbi bilabiati undique crenulati labium superius galeatum bilobum, interius horizontale trilobum, lobis bifidis; stamina 4 inferiora longiora; sub galea inclusa; filamenta supra medium corollae adnata, ubi pilosa, incrassata; antherae didymae, ciliatae; stylus glaber, apice bifidus, lobis aequalibus, brevibus; achenia acute triangulata sicca, adpresse pubscentia.

Herba annua texana ad Scutellarinae proxima accedens, ramosa foliis glabriuscilis, sessilibus, eroso-denticulatis, floribus oppositis in spicam densam pubescentem contractis. Nomen a loco natali ad fluminem Brazos.

Brazonia annua n.sp. In sandy soil on deserted ant hills in the prairies west of the Brazos, with Argemone mexicana, Jatropha stimulosa, Helianthus cucumerifolius, Phlox drummondii, etc; fl. May & June. — Annual, stems several, 6 to 8 inches high, branching from the base; or simple pubsescent; leaves 2 to 3 inches long 6 to 10 lines wide nearly smooth; lower ones obovate, obtuse, attenuate into a petiole, above upper ones sessile oblong-lanceolate acutish; upper most somewhat clasping, all irregularly denticulate; spike compact, elongated; bracts ovate, acute, nearly as long as the very shortly pedicelled hairy calyx; calyx nearly 2 lines long, and as wide, closed in fruit, with the upper lip recurved; corolla of a pale rose colour, with yellow dots, about 9 lines long; tube below the lower lip thrust inwardly so as to form a prominent palate in the throat; upper lip with two acute lobes, lower one with 3 obtuse ones, which are again deeply emarginate or 2-lobed; filaments especially the lower (outer) ones remarkably thick, especially in proportion to the small ciliate anthers connected with the corolla for more than half their length and hairy at their proper base near the base of the corolla, and again above, where they detach become free from the tube. — The genus is very near Scutellaria but distinguished by the shape of the calyx, the lips of which are lobed and which is entirely persistent, and by the corolla, which with its singular palate resembles the corolla of some Personatae. 288. Physostegia dilatata n.sp. erecta, glaberrina, inflorescentia tenuissime pubescente; foliis infimis oblongo-lanceolatis, obtusis, integris, so repandodenticulatis, in petiolum alatum decurrentibus; caulinis e basi dilatata, cordata, serrata, sessili angustatis, inferrioribus dentato-serratis, obtusis, superioribus acute serratis, acutis, summis integris; spicis elongatislaxifloris; floribus subsessilibus, calycis dentibus triangularibus, sub-

5) subaequalibus.

Wet prairies west of San Felipe in patches together ; fl. in April. Near Ph. virginiana but a smaller plant, spike more slender, flowers smaller (9 to 10 lines long), but principally distinguished by the leaves, which are, especially the upper ones broadest at base cordate and serrate from the base, which distinguishes this from any other species of Physostegia. The stems are 1 1/2 to 2 feet high, and much more leafy at base than Ph. virginana ususally is, probably on account of its early time of flowering. 289. Verbena multipartita nsp. hirsuta, caule prostrato, radicante; ramis floriferis erecto-adscendentibus; foliis tripartito-multifidis, laciniis linearibus, acutis; spicis terminalibus densis, corymbosis ovatis, demum elongatis; bracteis, demum squamosis et calycibus cis aequalibus ciliato-hispidis; dentibus calycis inatis.

On black heavy soil in prairies near Cat spring, west of the Brazos, common, on roadsides etc. fl. in March & April. — Near V. aubletia but distinguished by the much dissected leaves more prostrate, rooting stem the hairiness, the much dissected leaves, the much denser spike, smaller flowers and shorter calyx, whose teeth are not so unequal; flowers larger than in any north american species with the exception of V. aubletia. All together a very distinct species.

In the Acanthaceae genus making has been carried to a considerable extent as I see from {Stephan F.L.} Endlicher, and we have in stead of Elythraria, Justicia & Ruellia 5 genera at least in the U.S. — If that is right, I have to add 4 more! of which two at least appear to be good. I went with care through all my Acanthaceae, so far as I thought necessary and come to the conclusion that the genera have been split too much: some will certainly do better for sub genera. I have to add some remarks about some plants of the last collection: 160. Dicliptera brachiata is distinguished from the generic character as given in Endlicher by having only 2 seeds in the incompletely 2 celled capsule when the capsule bursts the two valves separate from the top, then the half dissepiments and both sides of each valve separate from its middle part from below, adhering at top, in this way the capsule separates in 8 pieces. Seeds tuberculate. Cotyledons green! 158. Calophanes ciliosus if Calophanes is a good genus we have to separate also our No 157. which is well distinguished from this and from {Carl D.F.} Meisner's genus Dizygandra and we may call it Panicularia; I send here a letter diagnosis, which you may substitute for that of last year. 157. Ruellia (Panicularia ) calyx 5 fides, subaequalis; corolla tubo cylindrico in faucem infudi buliformen sensim dilatato; limbi sub aequaliter 5-fidi lobis obtusis planis, patentibus; stamina 4 corollae fauci inserta, didynama, sub inclusa, filamenta isna basi connata; antherae biloculares lobis linearibus, parallelis basi cuspidatis; germen biloculare, gemmulis ovulis pluribus; stylus simplex stigma simplex, subulatum, secundum, basi denticulo auctum; capsula unguiculata, subteres, lanceolata, utrinque acuta, 2 locularis, 8-12sperma; semina orbiculata, compressa, retinaculis subtensa.

Panicularia nadiflora distinguished from Dizygandra strepens by the entire stigma, and cuspidate anthers, from Calophanes by the larger numbers of seeds and by the stigma. — Easily distinguished from all by the paniculate flowers and the pubescent capsule; from D. strepens also by the smooth (not hairy) filaments, which are not so much connected at base.

6} Meophanes inconspicuus n sp. [Asa Gray's note: Look at the seeds. [ [note?] Meophanes n.gen Calyx 5 partitus, subaequais; corolla hypogyna tubulosa, limbo 5 fido subaequali (erecto?). stamina 4 corolla tubo inserta, didynama, inclusa; filamenta per paria basi in ligulam connata; antherae biloculares, loculis parallelis, muticis; ovarium biloculare, loculis 4-ovulatis; stylus simplex; stigma subulatum, basi dente aucturi (in aeaqauliter bifidum); capsula bi locularis 8-sperma, loculi cide bivalvis, valvis nudio septiferis; semina orbiculata compressa, retinaculis uncinatis subtensa.

Herba mississippiensis et texana, erecta subsimplex, glabra, foliis oppositis cymis axillaribus, paucifloris, corollis minutis, albidis, fugacibus

M. inconspicuus n.sp. Shady low woods between the Brazos and Colorado also in similar situations near St Louis Mo (Engler) and in Alabama (Buckley) fl. June to Septemb; — Stem erect, 15 to 30 inches high, smooth, leaves ovate lanceolate attenuate into a short petiole, smooth, finaly ciliate; 4 to 5 inches long 1 1/2 to 2 inches wide; one or more few flowered bracted or leafy cymes subsessile or peduncled in the axills of the leaves; flowers pedicelled; calyx segments hairy, subulate, nearly equal, as long or longer than the tubular corolla. corolla 4 to 4 1/2 lines long; those examined by me have all an erect limb which is nearly equally 5 toothed, teeth rounded; stamens included; filaments in th flowers which I opened always bent into a knee, the longer ones more than the shorter, so that the anthers all appear on the same level. Style hairy, stigma subulate, bent, glandular only on the upper surface with a stigmati ferous tooth or smaller division. Capsule somewhat unguiculate, subterete, smooth, about 7 lines long, wiht 8 roundish flat smooth seeds. — The St Louis, Alabama and Texas specimens agree minutely.

Here I add a better description of another singular Acanthacea, noticed last year as Justicia ? pinguis; I send you here a few flowers, etc and shall send a specimen with the next opportunity. — If new we ought to describe it in a note. It is near Justicieae, on account of the ringent coroll but has four anthers, and all iwth 2 cells are sometimes wanting, probably and perhaps sterile, Lindheimer says those 2 are sometimes wanting; probably it belongs to the first section of Endlicher, pag 703 near Cryptophragmium, we may call it on account of the unequal anthers Anisandra. NB. Meophanes is intended to mean a plant similar to Calophanes, but less (meon) conspicuaus if my greek is not correct (I have no lexicon or book) please change it as you like.

Anisandra n.gen. Calyx 5-partitus, subaequalis, corolla hypogyna, bi labiata, ringens, tubo recto, at faucem dilatato, labio superiore bifido, inferiore trifido; stamina 4, corollae tubo inserta didynama, subinclusa; antherae bi loculares loculis parallelis, inferiores (posteriores) minores (sterileo ?) raro carentes (Lindheim.) ovarium bi loculare, multi ovulatum; stylus simplex, stigma subulatum, secundum; capsula subteres sessilis, linearis, subteres, acuta, bisulcata, bi locularis, 12-20 sperma, loculicide bivalvis, valvis medio septi feris, semina retinaculis mucinatis sublensa, orbiculata, compressa, pubescentia.

Herba texana paludosa glabra, radicans basi caulis radicante, ramis erectis, simplicibus, foliis longe lanceolatis, sessilibus, floribus in axillis foliorum glomeratis, arote sessilibus; corollis minutis, albis, calycem aequantibus.

Anisandra glomerata n spec. In swamps near Houston; fl. in October

7.) Stems erect simple, rooting at the lower joints (in water) or decumbent in mud, and branching; branches erect, simple; leaves linear-lanceolate, 4 to 6 inches long, 1/2 to 1 inch wide, acute, attenuate at base, ciliate-serrulate; flowers clustered in the axills of the leaves, closely sessile; calyx segments subulate, nearly equal about 3 1/2 lines long ; corolla white, nearly of the length of the calyx, ringent, lips recurved; longer filaments with large shorter, upper ones with much smaller anthers; these smaller anthers are present in all flowers examined by me, and they are always 2 celled, but are perhaps sterile; Mr. Lindheimer has found them sometimes wanting. Style smooth, stigma subulate, simple, one sided, curved, capsules about 5 lines long, narrowly linear, sessile nearly cylindrical with 4 blunt angles and 2 deep grooves, corresponding to the dissepiment; with 12 to 20 imbricated flat roundish seeds, clothed with a reddish pubescente, easily rubbed off. 291. Justicia pedunculosa Vahl In the Comings creek of the Colorado on rocky soil, fl. in August. — Calyx indistinctly 2 lipped, segments nearly equal; tube of corolla woolly inside below the lower lip; upper lip bi lobed, reflexed; lower one deeply 3 lobed; lateral lobes horizontal, divaricate; cells of the anthers distinct, one above the other; stigma acute, simple, 4 seeds.

NB. I can not well make out, when Endlicher wants to refer this and J. {Justicia} humilis which appear congeners. — Meophanes has been collected by myself here and has been in my herbarium since several years, and I actually took it, without looking much at it, for a rich overgrown specimen of Ruellia strepens! past flowering. In examining closely you will find flowers on your specimen too. — I think Dizygandra, Calophanes & Panicularia ought to belong to one genus, but whether distinct from Ruellia proper, I am unable to say. They may form Subgenera. 292. Utricularia cornuta Mich springy wet soil west of the Brazos, April. 293. Oxybaphus biflorus n.sp. caule erecct, glabro, lineis 2 pubescentibus notato; foliis ovato-lanceolatis, obtusis, glabris, breviter petiolatis; paniculis pubescentibus involucro biflora, perigonio purpureo, extuse strigoso nervis herbaceis 5 notato, semi-10-fido, filamentis 4-5 longe exsertis staminibus, anthers didymouspelatis.

Prairies west of the Brazos in groups together; fl. July & August. I have collected the same species in Arkansas. — Stems somewhat quadrangular, 3 feet high or more; leaves fleshy, lower ones narrow and smaller 4 inches long, 2 inches wide, upper ones narrower and smaller, all very shortly petiolate. panicle large, loose, virgate, pubescent, involucrum always 2 flowered; perigonium large about 8 lines in diameter, strigose outside, purple with 5 green ribs which correspond with the 5-angles of the hispid ovary, 5-lobed, lobes bifid; achenia 5-angled, rugose, hispid. Apparently distringuished from all other species of the genus by the number of stamens. 294. Boerhavia diffusa Willd. On roadsides in prairies, also a common weed in cultivated soil, on the Colorado. Septemb & October. — Well distinguished from the plant of the Southern States by its perennial growth, its forming large diffuse bushes with prostrate branches, also by its viscose pubescence and glandular glutinous achenia. B. erecta (I have specimens from Alabama and Louisana) is annual, erect, rather glabrous, with entirely glabrous achenia. 295. Rivina laevis Lin. Prairies woods near Industry, west of the Brazos, June to Octob. — Perennial with a ligneous rhizoma. — Is this really R. laevis? I have a small garden specimen under that name, with long dense spikes and much smaller flowers & fruit.

8) Lindheimer sends a few specimens of 6 annual Plantagos 3 with narrow leaves P. pusilla and those with wider leaves all villous or pubescent: 2 apear new to me, one is like a large virginianum: I would distinguish them so: 1. Plantago virginiana: foliis ovatis s. ovato lanceolatis, spica demum interrupti elongata alabastris conicis, calycis segmentis anterioribus obtusis, perterioribus acutis, corollae caciniis lanceolatis, [farat?] antheri convolutis, conicis, seminibus oblonge-lancearibus, flavescentibus, minoribus 2. Plantago ? foliis ovatis, spica demum interrupta elongata, alabastris conicis, calycis segmentiis anterioribus acutis, posteri oribus acuminatis, corollae laciniis ovatis acutis post antherior convolutus conicis; seminibus ovato orbiculatis, rubentibus, majoribus. 3. Plantago ? foliis ovatolanceolatis, longe petiolatis, spica comparta brevi, alabastris globosis, corolla post antheris patente. — Do you know them? — Of the larger one (2) I have picked out seeds. ____________________________ I see that Fisch & Meyer have made a new genus of our Polygonella ericoides, Gonopyrum {Endlicher} suppl 2. but the {hermaphrodite} flowers & 3 inner 3 tooth stamina could not distinguish it sufficiently from Polygonella.

Single 28 [postmark] St. LOUIS MAR 6 Mo. Prof. Asa Gray Cambridge Mass.

[Asa Gray's note:] {Answered} March 22' To send to me a set of the plates for B.D.G.

St Louis March 5th 1845. Dear Doctor Here follows another big letter, and I shall still have to finish one or more before I am done; your letter of Feb. 3d has been retrieved, and also the interesting pamplets as I believe I told you. Your and Hookers Cactuses are ready to be sent as soon as the weather will permit. To day I got letters from Lindheimer from the middle of January, when he was collecting already Violae, a shrub with sponous 3 parted leaves (Berberis??), the Teucrium 150 etc, near Matagorda bay, and was preparing to leave for the Guadaloupe. I will spur him up well. — You see that I now have got Endlicher, which is a great assistance; I have written for Knuth also. — As soon as I am done with the examination of the plants, I shall distribute them into sets and send them away; it would be well soon to have the printed pamphlets. But we should have a good many more copies for our use extra, which I think will not cost much. — The tubers of Asclepius lindheimerii show buds! I shall send one to you.

— Has my Neophanes not yet been described? Perhaps from Buckley's specimens? I shall pay attention to it this summer — Spring is opening here, every thing is coming out, Elms are partly past flowering! Very truly yours G. Engelmann

Continuation of Lindheimer's Collection, 1844 I have forgotten to enumerate amongst the plants already in the sets of 1843, but again distributed (without counting or charging for them) the following, which please insert in its place 167. Eriogonum flavum? On sandy hills, in open places in woods etc near Industry fl. from May to August. — Bitter, adstringent, used medicinally decoctions (Involucre 5 toothed, not 6 toothed, as Endlicher says). 175. Tragia urens here I have made an egregious blunder, which you undoubtedly have observed long since. If belongs to a genus not to be found in Endlicher. In its proper place, in the Catalogue of plants of 1843, please it ought to be: [Asa Gray's note:] — = Nuttall's 175. Tragocorton erectus n.p. [— or ?] Tragocorton n.gen. flores monoeci vel dioeci spicati s. glomerati (spicis abbreviatis, singuli bracteati . Calyx 5- (varo 6-) partibus subaequalis, aestivatione valvata. Masc. petala 5 obovata s. oblanceolata, aestivatione cucullata, calycis laciniis alterna disco 5-glanduloso insidentia, glandulis subulatis, calycis lacniis oppositis; stamina 7-8 filamentis inferne in columnam coalitis, superne filiformibus distinctis biseriatum verticillatis, antheris bilocularibus. Fem. petala rudimentaria vel nulla; glandulae disci 5 subulatae calycis laciniis oppositae: ovarium sessile triloculare, loculis uniovulatis; stylus trifidus, laciniis bifidis; stigmata 6 reniformia dilatata, crenulata vel emarginata. Capsula pilisa tricocca, coccis 2 valibus mono spermis, semina globosa rugosa.

Herbae texanae perennes pilis bifidis vestitae s. glabriusculae, foliis alternis, integerrimis, exstipulatis interdum colore purpureo imbutis; pedunculis axillaribus bracteatis; floribus paucis in capitulum contractis, s plurimis elongato-spicatis; femineis ad basin spicae singulis s. paucis.

Nomen ad habitum Tragiae similem et ad affiniatem Crotonis spectans near Ditaxis Vahl and Caperonia St. Hil. but distinguished by the glandular disc, by the smaller number of stamens, the shape of the stigmata and the wrinkled seeds.

Tragocroton erectus n.sp. caulibus pluribus erectis simplicibus s. superne ramosis, pilosis; foliis ovatis sessilibus supra ad venas, infra densissinae pilosis; spicis axillaribus, longe pedunculatis, folio multo longioribus, floribus foemineis inferioribus sub binis, distantibus; masculis superioribus pluribus, approximatis; fl. masc. petalis obovatis s. oblanceolatis, acutis, calycem aequantibus, glandulis pilosis; fl. foem. glandulis subulatis, obtusis, pilosis, petalis nullis; capsulis ravatis villosis, seminibus tubrculato-rugosis.

On hard soil in dry prairies and on the banks of rivulets east and west of the Brazos; fl. from May to July. — Stem stout, 12 to 18 inches high; leaves 1 1/4 to 2 inches long, 3/4 to 1 inch wide very hairy below. Spikes about with the peduncles about 3 inches long, naked in the lower half; female flowers one or mostly 2 below, distant; male flowers about 8 or 10 above, approximate, each about with broad acute petals, 1 line long, with purple veins; seeds more than 2 lines in diameter.

Mixed with this we find some specimens of another nearly related species, which we call {Tragocroton} glabrior n sp. plerumque dioecus caulibus pluribus erectis simplicibus s. supeme ramosis; foliis erectis ovatis, sessilibus, supra glabriusculis, subtus ad venas pilosis spicis axillaribus longe pedunculatis, masculis elongatis multifloris, folium multo superantibus; femineis brevibus, pauci floris, folium vix exocedenitbus; spicis raro monaecis, infra foemineis supra elongatis masculis; fl. masc. petalis obobatis acutis, calycem aequatibus, glandulis glabris; fl. foem. glandulis

2) subulatis auctis glabris; petalis nulis; capsulis adpresse pubescentibus; seminibus levissime rugosis.

On banks of Creeks near Cat spring; fl. May to July. — Distinguished from the last species, to which it considerably resembles by being mostly dioicous; by the more, sometimes entirely, glabrous leaves which finally become together with the stem quite glabrous, by the larger flowers, the closely and thinly pubescent capsule and the less wrinkled, nearly smooth seeds. — Stems and leaves in size and shape similar to the last species; male flowers twice as large; calyx and petals about 2 lines long; seeds hardly 2 lines in diameter; male spikes and monoicous ones (which I have seen only in one specimen) 3 inches and more long, with 20 to 30 flowers; spikes of the female plant, 1 to 1 1/4 inch long, with 1 to 3 flowers; for a third species see No 306. _______________________________ 296. Polygonum eristatum n.sp. caule herbaceo, volubilis, angulato-strato; folius basi subcordata s. truncata triangularibus acuminatis, margine scabris; floribus in axillis foliorum glomemtis, s. in spiras foliaceas pauci floras dispositis; floribus 8-andris, stigmatibus 3 sessilibus; laciniis perigonii frutiferi 3 exterioribus cristato-alatis, alis crenato incisis; nucibus parvis, trigonis, nitidis.

Margin of woods and thickets near Industry; July. — Near Polygonum scandens and P. dumetorum, from which it is distinguished by the hardly cordate, but more truncate and triangular leaves; by the laciniate winglike carinae of the 3 exterior perigonial segments and by the much smaller nuts, which are just 1 line in length; those of P. scandens are 1 1/3 line and those of P. dumetorum full 2 lines long; in this last the wings are very broad, undulate and entire; in P. scandens they are somewhat crenate but frequently not all three developped, and in some flowers entirely wanting. P. convolvulus is easily distinguished from all three by the want of alae wings and by the opague nuts. — 297. Eriorheon lindheimerii n.sp. Eriorheon n gen. Involucrum multiflorum, campanulatum, 5-dentatum; flores hermaphroditis intra involucrum plurinis, pedicellati, pedicelliscum bracteolis nixtis; perigonium coloratum (album) membranaceum, profunde sexfidum; laciniis erectis exterioribus reniformibus, latissimis, interioribus lineari spathulatis; stamina subinclusa 6 exteriora cum perigonii laciniis alternantia, 3 interiora laciniis interioribus opposita; filamenta filiformia, antherne ovatae; ovarium trigonum, styli 3 filiformes cum stam petalis extermis oppositi, stigmatibus obtusis; achenium teres, rostratum, perigonii emarrido stipatum, embryo intra albumen farinaceum rectus, cotyletonibus orbicultis planis diagnoliter per albumen productis, radicula enlongata supera. [drawing captions: cot., Sect horiz.]

Herba texana annua lanuginoso-tomentosa foliis caulinis ovato-lanceolatus semi amplexicaulibus, undulatis, subtus candidis; pedunculis terminalibus elongatis di - trichtomo - ramosis; involucris corymbosis, floribus parvis albidis. Nomen plantam lanatam, Rheo affinena refert.

Eriorheon lindheimerii n sp. Sandy prairies near Industry, July to October. An erect mostly simple annual, 2 to 2 1/2 feet high; leaves half clasping ovate-lanceolate, acutish, undulate and somewhat denticulate; one floccose above, densely white tomentose beneath peduncle terminal, elongated; corymb mostly twice 3-parted, much divided, involucres campanulate

3) 5-toothed, woolly inside and outside, many flowered, flowers exsert on articulatis pedicells, inter mixed with woolly bracts; the external segments of the periogonium much like the interior ones of Rumex or Rhum, larger and reniform; the 3 interior ones linear spathulate, all woolly inside at base, glabrous, triangular, filaments glabrous, about the length of the perigon; ovary glabrous, triangular, with 3 styles; stigmata obtuse, but not capitate. Near Eriogonum but distinguished by its annual growth, by the difference of the external and internal segments of the perigonium, which are nearly equal in Eriogonum, by the obtuse not capitate stigmata; by the roundish conic not 3 angular, achenium, and the farinaceous albumen. 298. Aristolochia longiflora n.sp. radice filiformi elongata, caule humili, adscendente, ramoso, foliis longe linearibus, subsessilibus, utrinque acutissimis, glabris, floribus axillanibus, pedunculatis, basi uni bracteatis, extus pubescentibus, limbo longissimo, ligulato.

Shady grassy spots near the Millcreek. April to July. — A remarkable plant, very different from any other North American species. Root very long and simple, aromatic, stems several, branching from the base, weak, adscending, 6 inches high, branching at base; leaves 3 to 5 inches long, 1 to 3 lines long wide; flowers axillary along the stem; peduncles 3 to 6 lines long; bract linear lanceolate at the base of the pubescent ovary; perigonium 3 to 5 inches long, puberulent outside, limb ligulate cordate at base, narrowed upwards, linear, and twice as long as the tube; capsule smooth. 299. Aristolochia reticulata n.sp. hirta, radice reticu fasciculata, caule humili, erecto; foliis breviter petiolatis, ovato-cordatis, oblusis subtus prominenter venoso-reticulatis; racemis bracteatis paucifloris, subradicalibus, prostrats; floribus hirsutissimis, pedicullatis, ovario bracteatis, tubo incurvo, ad faucem constricto, limbo bilabiato. [drawing caption: flower]

In thickets and high grass near Cat spring, west of the Brazos; May & June. —

Near A.serpentina, root similar, but fibres coarser, of similar taste, also used individually as a "Snake root" (Lindheimer); Stems 6 to 8 inches high, one or a few; from the same root, hairy, leaves oval or elliptical deeply cordate at base, obtuse, of a firm texture, strongly reticulated beneath, hairy on the veins, about 2 inches long, and 1 or 1 1/4 wide; racemes in the axills of the lowestscaly leaves at the base of the stem, with from one to 4 or 5 flowers, prostrate on the ground, very hairy; flowers pedicelled, about 6 lines long, tube ventricose at bbase, narrowed and curved upwards, much constricted at the throat, expanding into an open dark purple limb, with two nearly equal lobes. 300. Euphorbia parvifolia n.sp. anua, prostrata, glabra, glauca, foliis oppositis, ovatoorbiculatis, obtusissimis, integris, basi obliqua obtusis s. subcoradtis, petiolis brevibus, stipulis connatis triangularibus integris s. margina fimbriatis s. apice bifidis; pedunculis petiolos multo superantibus in dichotomia ramorum singulis s. in ramulis foliosis alternatibus glomeratis; involucri glandulis anguste petaloideo-marginatis; seminibus e cinero-rubellis, olobato-oblongis, obtuse angulatis, laevibus.

In clayey soil near Industry, July to Sept. — Also along the Mississippi, Arkanasas and Missouri rivers in heavy black, also in sandy soil. — The smallest of our p procumbent Euphorbiae; leaves for 1 1/2 to 2 and 3 lines long, seeds about 1/2 line long. Nearst to Elliott;s E. cordinfolia (which we have also received from Texas) but

4) much smaller in all parts, flowers more crowded; petaloid appendages small, transversely oval, and emarginate; stipules nearly entire.

Mixed with this were a few specimens of another species, which I believe is undescribed; I have found the same in Prof. {Charles Wilkins} Short's Collection sent from the Red river by Dr. {Josiah} Hale under the name E. rotundifolia, but as there is already another {Euphorbia} rotundifolia described, and as the leaves are generally more oblong than round I have changed the name and call it:

E. oblongifolia n sp. annua, caulibus prostratis, pilis crispis pubescentibus, foliis oppositis, orbiculato - s. ovato- oblongis, obtusis, versus apicem semilatis, basi obliquea truncatis, s. subcordatis, supra glabris, subtus puberulis, breviter petiolatis, stipulis subulatis pilosis; involucris pseudo-axillaribus, singulis, s. plenumque in ramulo folioso glomeratis, pilosis; glandulis obuvatis transversim ovatis; capsula acutangula, pilosa, seminibus e cinereo rubellis oblongo-linearibus, acute angulatis, profude transversium rugosis.

Clayey soil near Industry, Texas, also on Red river (Dr. Hale in HC. Short) fl. August. Near E. depressa Torr but seeds much larger, sharper angled, and deeply rugose.

Besides these and the following I know about 10 more Euphorbiae with opposite stipulate leaves in the U. States, which are partly difficult to distinguish, but their seeds furnish some very good characters. But still more difficult, if not entirely impossible it is, to identify the species, meant by the different authors. Of those described I know for certain only the common E. hypericifolia (though it may be the E. maculata of some) and E. polygonifolia (but Michaux's [S?] must be different). Of E. depressa Torrey I have an original specimen and think if must be the {Euphorbia} thymifolia of some and the maculata of other authors! With E. maculata, if a good species I am not acquainted, and should like much to have a specimen (send me a small branch with ripe capsules! in a letter); I have seen specimens from New Jersey, called so, but they are apparently P. hypericifolia with smaller more hairy leaves. — All may be divided into 2 classes 1) with smooth, reddish gray seeds and entire, glabrous leaves 2) with uneven tuberulated, rugose or foveolate reddish gray or blackish seeds, and serrated glabrous or hairy leaves. All these are annual; but there is one species (collected by Dr. Mersch towards the Rocky Mts), which I call E. deltoidea, which is apparently perennial, has smooth, entire leaves, but not smooth, but foveolate seeds, therefore differeent from all the others in many respectes. — What is E. portulacoides?

I will here give a list with short characters of all E. stipulate of {North} America known to me. Euphorbia stipulata 1. Semina foveolata, rugosa s. tuberculosa (foliis plerumque serratis) a. semina nigricuntia 1. E. hypericifolia Lin seminibus obovatis obtusius angulatis, transversim ruguloris; foliis glabriusculis, everywhere. 2. E. maculata ? sem. oblongis, acute angulatis, transversim rugulosis, foliis subtus pilosis. {New} Jersey b. semina e cinereo rubella var. foliis serratis, caulibus pubescentibus. 3. E. depressa Torr sem. transversim foveolatis; fol. oblongo-linearibus. — Every where 4. E. humistrata n sp. sem minutim tuberculatis; fol ovatis. On the Ohio & Mississippi. 5. E. oblongifolia n sp. sem transversim rugosis, fol. ovato oblongis, Louisiana, Texas. β. foliis serratis, caulibus glaberrimis. 6. E. lateralis n sp. sem. oblongis, transversim foveolatis; foliis ovato oblongis linearibus stipulis setacus-multifidis; Upper Missouri, Geyer. 7. E. angustior n.sp. sem. oblongo linearibus, transversi foveolatis; fol. oblongo-linearibus stipedis subsimplicibus, Upper Missouri, Geyer. var. foliis integris glaberrimis. 8. E. delloidea n.sp. sem. transversim foveolatis, foliis triangularibus acutis. Upper Missouri, Dr. Mersch. 2. Semina laevia (e cinerso-rubella, folia integra, glaberima) 9. E. parvifolia n sp. fol. ovato-orbiculatis, floret sem. minimis, stipulis subintegris, sub connatis, Missouri, Arkansas, Texas 10. E. cordifolia Ell fol. cordato-ovatis, fl. conspicuis, sem. majoribus, stipulis setaceo-multifidis, Louisiana, Texas. 11. E. geyeri n sp. fol. oblongis retusis, invol. petaloideis, sem. majoribus, stipul. setaces multifidi Beardstown Ill & upper Missouri, Geyer. (= E. polygoniful Torr in Fremont's report >?) 12. E. polygonifolia Lin fol. oblongo linearibus, obtusis; invol. glandulosis; sem. maximis; stipul integrisculis, Eastern coast, and coast of Lake Erie. 13. E. gracillima n sp fol. linearibus; invol. longe pedicollatis, singulis; petaloideis; sem majoribus, stipulis subintegris; Texas.

5) 301. Euphorbia gracillima n sp, annua,erecto-petula, glabra, foliis oppsitis, linearibus, integris, obtusis, mucronatis, basi subobliqua acutis, breviter petiolatis, stipulis e basi lata subulatis, distinctis subintegris; pedicellis petiolos longe superantibus, in dichotonia ramorum singulis; appendicibus involucri petaloideis plerumque 4, ovatis subacutis, in aequalibus; seminibus obovato — subglabosis, laevibus e rubello cinereis.

Sandy places, especially about fresh ant hills in prairies and open woods near Industry, also on Sandstone rocks there. Fl. June to August. Large bushes, often 6 feet in circumference and 2 or 2 1/2 feet high; smaller plants are frequently erect. A very slender plant, somewhat with the habit of a large Galium, with conspicuous white flowers and long linear distant leaves, which are 8 to 10 lines long and less than a line wide; peduncles 2 to 4 lines long. 302. Euphorbia arkansana n.sp. annua, erecta, glabra, caulibus a basi ramosis; folius sparsis, spathulato-obovatis, inferioribs petiolatis, superioribus sessilibus, basi angustatis, versus apicem serrulatis, acutiusculis; umbellis trichotomis, bis dichotomis, bracteis subcordato-ovatis, inucronatis, serratis; glandulis involucri orbiculatis, capulis vermicosis, seminbus rugoso-reticulatis.

Roadsides in prairies, from Houston to the Colorado, April to July; also near Fort Gibson in Arkansas (E.) — An annual 3 to 12 inches high, branching from the base; involucral glands orange coloured seeds, deep brown. 303. Euphorbia uloleuca n sp. annua caule erecto, infra glabro, supra piloso, ramulis villosis; foliis sessilibus, ovatis s. obovatis, cuspidatis, integris, glabris; umbellae trifidae ramis trichotomis s. dichotomis; bracteis lanceolatis, acuminatis, margine decolorato crispis; glandulis involucri villosi petaloideis orbiculatis; capsulis lanatis seminibus tuberrulato-rugosis.

In the heavy bottom lands of the Colorado river; August. — Stems 3 to 5 feet high. Near E. bicolor (No 174) but distinguished by the broader smooth leaves, by the denser umbells, much shorter bracts, which are smooth glabrous and one the white margin wavy; but principally (and this proves it to be a distinct species) by the smaller, and very rough tuberculated and rugose seeds; those of E. bicolor are larbre and the wrinkles on them are slight and indistinct. E. marginata Pursh is distinguished by the broader leaves, oval obtuse and mucronate bracts (and the seed: I have not seen seed). — Name from the white and crisp margin of the bracts.

The examination of all these Euphorbiae has let me to examine all that I could lay hold on; those with lunate or 2-horned glands of the involucrum appear to be not well known, as I find them called every where E. peplus in books & Herbaria; but the Europea peplus is something quite different

Euphorbiae glandulis involucri lunatis (capsulis laevibus, seminibus exsculptis, umbellis trifidis) a. Sem. facie interiore foveolato-4-punctatis, exteriore sub laevibus. 1. Euph. cuneifolia n sp. annua, sem. e cinero-fuscis; fol. cuneatis, retusis s. emarginatis sem. 6/10 lin longis; Texas ({Lindheimer}) Georgia (?) ⦿ 6. sem. facie interiore 2-sulcatis, exteriore foveloato-punctatis. 2. E. peplus L. annua, sem. cinereis, 7/10 lin longis; capsulas anulis 2-alatis, fol. peliolatis, obovatis, obtusissimis. — Europe. c. Sem. facie ext. et int. undique foveolato-punctatis. +. fol. viridibus, inferioribus petiolatis. 3. E. commutata n.sp. (E. peplus Auct. am. in parte) biennis (s. perennis?) multi cauli adscendens, fol in fer, Kentucky, Missouri. petiolatis, sup. sessilibus, spathalatis; bract. transversis, sem cinareis 9/10 lin long. 4. E. contraoversa n.sp. (l. peplus Auct. amr. in parti) annus caule basi simplice, noto fol. amnotus spathulas puberulatis: sem. ciner. 1 lin longis — Ohio ({Increase Allen} Lapham) Perhaps var. of the last.

6) 5. {Euphorbia} merschii n.sp. ++ foliis glunois, sessilibus, perennis, multicaulis, adscendens; — sem. cinereis 1 3/10 lin longis. North fork of Platte River, Dr. Mersch. 304. Pilinophytum capitatum Klotzsch, — Low prairies near the Colorado river, Sept & Octob. NB. 171. Croton lindheimerii is the second species of Pilionophytum! 305. Hendecandra tuberculata n sp. annua, dioica, undique stellatotomentosa, ramosissima, folius lineari-lanceolatis, utrinque obtusis, supra virescentibus, subtus incanis, petiolatis, exstipulatis; fl. masculis pedicellatis, in capitulos pedicellatos spicam inter ruptam formantes congestis, terminalibus, axillaribusque; calyce 5-partito, corolla nulla, disco squamis 5 sepalis oppositis instructo staminibus 11-12. fl. foemineis singulis s. ternis, terminalibus s. in dichotomia ramorum breviter pedunculatis; calyce 5-lobo, aequali, ovario disco orbiculato insidente; stylis 3 ter bifidis; stigmatibus sub 24; capsula stellato-tomentosa, tuberculosa.

Prairies in the Colorado bottom, August. — Male & female plants generally intermixed and covering large patches of ground. — An annual, about 3 feet high; leaves above and on both sides stellate pubescent but below much denser and whitish, 1 1/2 to 2 inches long, and 3 to 5 lines wide; length of petioles equal to the width of the leaf; stigmas from 20 to 24; capsules covered with tubercules, on which the stellated pubescence is more crowded, which gives them a very curious appearance. Seeds nearly orbicular, compressed, about 1 8/10 lines in diameter — Near Hendecandra multiflora Torr. in Fremont's report of 1843. pag. 92 but apparently well distinguished; of this I have also only a male specimen coll. by Dr. Mersch 1843, on the North fork of the Platte; its leaves are smooth above, and the entire pubescence is thinner; male flowers in a dense compound spike, single flowers nearly twice as large as in H. tuberculata and only with 7 to 8 stamina on an orbicular, not 5 lobed disc.

— Is Drummond's plant, coll III, 266, cited by Torrey equal to our or to the Missouri plant? — No. 172 {Croton} glandulosus is Geiseleria glandulosa Klotzsch, but the calyx of the male flowers 5 not 4 parted; with 9 to 10 not 8 stamina. Engelmannia Klotzsch has calyx of ♂ {male} fl. 3 not 5 parted; 3, not 5 petals, 3 to 6, not 5 stamina; cal. of ♀ {female} fl. 4 to 6 parted, not 5 parted, (vide Endlicher)

What new genus does Croton maritimus belong to? It is near Hendecandra, but distinguished by not being dioicous etc; it has 12 stam. no petals, ♀ {female} calyx 5 or 6 parted. 178. Iatropha stim. is Cnidoscolus Pohl (Endlicher).

306. Tragocroton humilis n sp. caulibus pluribus, adscendentibus s. prostratis, a basi ramosis, foliis ovato-lanceolatis, brevi sinu petiolatis, adpresse pilosis,un demum supra glabratis; capitolis florum axillaribus, folio multo brevioribus, paucifloris, flore foemineo ad basin unico; petalis in fl. masculo calycem paulo superantibus, lanceolatis, in fl. foemineo subulatis glandulis disci brevioribus; capsulis adpresse pilosis, seminibus tuberculoso- rugosis.

In hard clayey soil west of the Brazos; from March to August. — The smallest of the 3 species, known to us (for the 2 others and the generic character see No 175.) known to us, about 6 inches high; easily distinguished by the small

7) leaves (1 to 1 1/2 inches long, and nearly 1/2 inch wide), glomerule flowers and small seeds, which are hardly more than one line in diameter, and are curiously tuberculate and rugose and under a glass striate. In each little head are one female and about 4 male flowers; filaments connected into a column, upper part free, 4 or 5 form a lower, aand 2 or 3 an upper verticill. 307. Tragia brevispica n sp. multi caulis, ramosa, procumbens, adscendens, ramis apice flexuosis, s. volubilitus; foliis e basi cordata s. truncata lanceolato-linearibus, irregulariter acute dentatis, parce pilosis, petiolatis; spicis folio opposito multo breviorius; fl. foemineo ad basin unico, masculis paucis; capsulis hispidulis.

In black clayey soil in the prairies west of the Brazos; May to July. In this as in all other Tragiae the spikes terminate the branches or are opposite the leaves; sometimes they appear to come out of the stem above the insertion of the leaf, or in other words their peduncle is coalescing with the stem. — This species is nearly related to {Tragia} urticifolia, but distinguished by the pubescent procumbent stems, which often forms bushes of 2 or 3 feet diameter, and are frequently twisted and climbing at their extremities; by the smaller and much narrower leaves (3/4 to 2 inches long, and 2 to 6 lines wide) but especially by the short spikes and small flowers and fruit, which is less hispid. 308. Forestiera acuminata Poir On the banks of the Brazos near San Felipe. March. I have found the same plant on the Wabash, Illinois, Neosho and Arkansas rivers. NB. Among Lindheimer's former collections is a plant evidentlly near Forestiera but distinct: a pubescent shrub with opposite leaves, similar inforescence, but flowering in summer; in the axills of the anentaceous scales are 2 to 4 - [drawing] staminate male fl. and sometimes female and hermaphrodite fl. with them: I have examined fertile fl. without stamens and with 2 or 3 stamens; ovary 2 carpellary, with 2 styles. Do you know the plant?

Ulmus fl. the second time in Septemb; leaves small = {Ulmus} alata, but obtusove segm perigon divided to the base segments 8 linear; ovary villous; — distinguished from all other N.A. Ulmi by the narrow segments of ovary. — 309. Quercus cinerea Mich Sandy hilly soil, forming groves in the prairies west of the Brazos; grow together with {Quercus} obtusiloba: fl. in Febr. — The earliest flowering species in Texas; never a large tree, often crooked, very much branched, unsightly except in early spring, when the young silvery gray leaves with the reddish tops form a pleasing contrast with the fresh green of the prairies.

Numbers of specimens sent you, and the true numbers here in this catalogue are on the printed labels.

8. Dear Doctor Here comes the fourth big letter, and soon the fifth and last will make its appearance. I leave it with you wether you will put some about the Euphorbiae, continued in this letter is a note, or leave it out. You have again a new genus here, but one which probably is known amongst Drummond's plants, as it was found near San Felipe, Drummond's principal station. Is it described? [Asa Gray's] Yes! As soon as I am done with the plants I shall distribute them into sets, and send them on. — The pulp of Gleditchia as well as Algarobia is probably derived from the parenchyma, but in A the inner coat of the carpel forms seperate cells. — I wish for milder weather to send you the Cactus and some seeds for you and Hooker, and also some plants. I am afraid your specimen of Echinocactus gyracanthus will be destroyed

[faded postmark] Single 26 St. LOUIS MAR 21 Mo.

Prof. A. Gray Cambridge Mass

by rotting; still I will send it on, as a specimen, and also as it perhaps can be saved by cutting. After the end of this month I hope I can safely send them. Forward Hooker's part soon, if you can. I am sorry to trouble you so much, as I know that you are very busy; but Lindheimer's plants must be done and distrib uted now. — Here branches of Euphorbia parvifolia, oblongifolia and geyeri. Very truly yours, G Engelmann