Box 14,Folder 15: Fossils 1865-1870

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2 2 - Crinoidea ["2 - Crinoidea" underlined] 80 Caryocrinus ornatus, Say 103 Saccocrinus speciosus ? Hall [James Hall Jr. (September 12, 1811 – August 7, 1898) was an American geologist and paleontologist.] 128 — (square columns)

3 Brachiopods ["3 Brachiopods" underlined] [check mark written in pencil] 13- Cavities of an atrypa? [check mark written in pencil] 70 Leptoena - [check mark written in pencil] 78 Pentamerus oblongus, Murch [Sir Roderick Impey Murchison (22 February 1792 – 22 October 1871) was a Scottish geologist who first described and investigated the Silurian system.] 90 Pentamerus 91 95 Pentamerus - near oblongus 104 Atrypa reticularis Dalm. 105 Atrypa imbricata ? [check mark written in pencil] 106 Pentamerus ? 124 Atrypa 125 Atrypa ["Atrypa" crossed out] ^Orthis ["^ Orthis" written in pencil] hybrid a 127 Spirifer Niagarensis [check mark written in pencil] 129 W ["W" written in pencil] Sho ["Sho" crossed out] Leptaena depressa Dalm.

4 Acephala ["4 Acephala" underlined] 68 Pyronomaeus cuneatus Hall [check mark written in pencil] 69 Myalina mytiliformis Hall [check mark written in pencil] 72 - [check mark written in pencil] 73 - 73 (b) Podionomya rhomboidea Hall Vol 2 ["73 (b) Podionomya rhomboidea Hall Vol 2 " written in pencil] // [pencil sketch] 74 - Modrolopsis ornatus ? 82 - 96 - [curly bracket to the right of the above two lines with the following text] }same species 110. 170 - Pterinea ? cardiformis Hall ["Pterinea ? cardiformis Hall" crossed out]

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[three calculations listed across the top; written in pencil] 7) 619.803 // [line drawn] 88.55 / 61985 12) 5566 // 878.523 // [line drawn] 73.21 / 11) 5542 // 639.149 // [line drawn] // 58..104

[the lines below are written in black pen] In the lower coal beds fossil fern &c are very abundant — as at Morriss [Morris] Ill. Cyahoga, Ohio [Cuyahoga] While the upper beds they are less abundant. Very few if any are found at Fairbury (Stevens . Sill Jour July 1858 p 74)

[the lines below are written in pencil; approximately 7 columns, separated here with "/"] Ash / 00 // 72 // [vertical line drawn] / [illegible] 6.50 Sp. / lnav 1 / Anthracite / 1.39 to 1.61 / mean / 1.50 / 88.53 10.27 / 2 / Free burning / 128 to 1.44 / —. / 1.36 / 73.21 10.90 / 3 / Caking 128 to 1.44 // average a little less} / — / 1.30 / 58.10 5.20 / 4 / Canalton / 1.25 to 130 / — / 1.27 / 58.44 8.50 / 5 / Breckenridge / [empty / empty] /1.15 / 27.16 3.46 / [line drawn] / 6 / Brier Hill / [line drawn] / 1.32 / 58.41

[several calculations worked out below in pencil] [pencil sketch]

[the lines below are written in black pen] sp. Gr. of Carbon 1.76 = 1760 oz pr cubic foot // 110 pounds per cubic foot. // [line drawn] ash 2.5 2500 oz pr cubic foot // 156.25 ^ oz pr cubic ' ' {58. // 31. // 11. ["58. // 31. // 11." circled]

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[the lines below are written in pencil] Coals that tend to swell & clog in the fire are deemed best for cooking; but this running together clogs & interrupts the circulation of air necessary for combustion & thus diminishes the value, especially for purposes where air is confined & the supply limited.

Such coals are well adapted for producing gas. "Dry coal" - has not this property. "splint coal" Impure cannel. = C24 ["24" in subscript] H13 ["13" in subscript] O. Minus Olefiant gas = C4["4" in subscript] H4 ["4" in subscript] — ["C4["4" in subscript] H4 ["4" in subscript] —" is underlined] Gives Cooking Coal (as above) C20 ["20" in subscript] H7 ["7" in subscript] O.

Bituminous coal varies much in composition; the proportion of carbon to the volatile matter varying from [blank] to per cent - The ash varies from [blank] per cent to per cent - & the ash increases gradually until the coal panes into slate. Often difficult to determine whether a specimen shall be called coal or slate. They are thus fitted for various purposes. [line drawn]

Lower Coal Bed in Iowa 1 1/2 feet cannel.- 2 Bed 70 or 80 feet higher See Iowa Report 1 p 136 1,000,000 tons coal per sq. mile for every foot in thickness.

[the lines below are written in black ink] 2 Seam of coal lies 70 ^or 80 feet higher than the 1st Iowa Report I p 125

Limestone in Upper ["Upper" underlined] Coal Measures - Swallow // Hall (Mop. // Iowa p 135)

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Sigillaria ichthyolepis, Conda. Beiträge p 29 pl 9 fig 19 Unger, Gen, et spec. p 231. [illegible crossed out] Kimball, Flora of Apalach. Coal Field p 21 Favularia ichthyolepis, Slernb. Vers. II. p 38 fig 2

[pen sketch] Surface ^ completely covered with hexagonal ["cicatrices" crossed out // "scales" crossed out] ^ scar resembling ["scales" crossed out // "those" crossed out] some fishes scales arranged in regular [^] longitudinal rows or [^] columns interlocking so that the margin of one is opposite the middle of another ; each scar ["scale" crossed out] about twice as wide as its height, two horizontal sides longest, the opposite sides and angles are equal, the two lateral angles acute, the remaining four obtuse *; [vascular [^] bundles situate ["impressions" crossed out] near the centre of the cicatrice & denoted by three crescent shaped markings [line/arrow drawn down and to the left to "two of which are..."], ["not desirable" crossed out] . Surface beneath the bark longitudinally ribbed and ^ finely striated; the ribs corresponding with the breadth of the ["cicatrices" crossed out; "scales" crossed out] ^ scars and bearing a series of strong turned tubercles, whose distance [^] apart corresponds with the height of the ["cicatrices" crossed out; "scales" crossed out] ^ scars giving the decorticated stem the appearance of a Stigmaria. The cortex is thin, and in our specimen converted into coal, while the stem is sandstone, much compressed. Sandstone of Coal measures, Fairbury Illinois.

two of which are exceedingly small & vertically placed, while the third is comparatively large, and laterally placed between the other two. Thus (U) ]

* [ the four sides forming the two lateral angles ["are" crossed out] furnished with a narrow lining, or margin + like marking]