William Gravell diary, 1863-1867.

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  • UPenn Ms. Coll. 723
  • This leather-bound, ruled diary was kept from 14 July 1863 to 31 August 1867 by William Gravell during his four-year stay in London, England to escape the draft of the Civil War. Gravell traveled from Upper Darby Township, near Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to New York where after being swindled; he eventually boarded a cargo ship named Plymouth Rock bound for London. Gravell writes daily about his life on board the ship, including his sea sickness, storms, other passengers, amusements, rations, and his acquaintance with a sailor from Philadelphia. Shortly after celebrating his twenty-third birthday on 13 August, William arrives in London, England. He meets his Uncle Thomas, a gilder and framer, and then meets his Uncle William, a watchmaker. Uncle William provides William with "the document which made me a soldier in the U.S. service for the space of three years." William lives with his cousin Thomas, acquires a job at Causton & Sons Printers in a warehouse where he works from 7:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. William's entries in the diary appear weekly, recording events, excursions, holidays, and family gatherings. William describes the yearly tours of the Crystal Palace at Easter time, Guy Fawkes's Day, Christmas, and Boxing Day. He records the passing of his birthdays. William describes going to lectures, museums, plays, pantomimes, recording the titles and theatres. William writes about attending service on Sundays at St. Paul's Cathedral, dinners with his extended family, and games they play, such as Whist. He writes of the walks he takes with his cousin Thomas or Mr. Jewell to Black Heath, Greenwich, and London Bridge Park. At times William becomes depressed and writes of his dislike of London weather and his search for friends. In the summer of 1866, after the death of his Uncle William, Elizabeth, William's sister arrives unexpectedly. William and his sister spend much time together during the year she is there. In May of 1867 William's parents send tickets for his and Elizabeth's passage from Liverpool to Philadelphia. The pair leave in July, arriving in Philadelphia on 31 August 1867, the last entry in the diary. There are two inscriptions on the first leaf: "Minnie presented Aug. 22nd 1878" and "Watch Jacque Roulet Locle No. 28483." Some lines regarding William's departure for London to avoid the draft have been crossed out in pencil. After the last entry the rest of the diary is blank.

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    me I inquired of some one when the ship was likely to sail; to this I could get no definite answer, but the person thought that it was not likely that she would sail for another week at least. Under circumstances so discouraging as this I scarcely knew what to do; ascertaining the name of the real agents I went to see if they could give any more definite informa- tion of the time of sailing. The only information they could give me was that she certainly would not sail before Wednesday or Thursday. I was now in a fix and my plans probably frustrated for by the time the ship started every means of exit might be closed. I was besides very short of money, on account of the numerous expenses I had not calculated upon. Being situated thus, and having several days to spare I did not see that I could do anything else but return home which I finally concluded to do.

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    With a feeling of disappointment, vexation and mortification, I retraced my way through the streets which I was now pretty well acquainted with, to the depot and procured a ticket for Philadelphia via the Jersey City Railway. Before I left the ship to go to the merchants office, I took the precaution of stowing away my baggage in the bunk which I intended to occupy, and where I left it in apparent security; but all the way home I was haunted with the idea that I had done wrongly in doing so and that I had left it in the power of anyone who might feel disposed to remove it. This idea so strongly took posession of my mind that I was exceedingly uncomfortable all the way home, and indeed miserable until I returned on Monday morning and found it safe where I had placed it. I arrived at home about seven o'clock in the evening. They were all very much surprised at my return and of course could

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    not surmise the cause, but when they heard the reason, they were per- fectly satisfied with what I had done. Sunday morning was passed in making some additional preparations, which owing to haste and ignorance I had omitted in the first attempt, but which I now made by the advice of John Fleming whose assistance I found to be very valuable; which he, being an old navigator of the Atlantic was well competent to give. Every thing being ready I made the start again on Sunday afternoon about 3 o'clock and was accompanied to the Kensington Depot by Papa and Fleming. Here I bid Papa good-bye and Fleming concluded to accompany me to New York and see me safe on board of the ship. We reached New York about eleven o'clock at night after a very rapid passage across New Jersey and put up at a Hotel on the wharf; we arose early and having

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    breakfasted at a restaurant in the neighborhood, we proceeded directly to the vessel, and I was inexpressedly overjoyed to find every thing as I had left it on the Saturday before. We then had a conversation with some of the officers of the ship, but they seemed so very doubtful of the time of sailing, and recommended so strongly another vessel of the same line which was going direct to London, that we con- cluded to call upon the owners and effect an exchange, which they un- hesitatingly did; but in doing so, they gave me to understand that I had been swindled and was perfectly justified in taking proceedings against the persons who sold me the ticket, but they thought it would not be advisable, owing to the consequent loss of time. In this we fully concurred, and furnished with a passage by the Plymouth Rock for London, we at once proceeded to trans- fer my baggage to that vessel which was lying in the vicinity, and which

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    we accomplished with very little dif- ficulty. On reaching the Plymouth Rock, we noticed what was entirely absent from the vessel we had just left; and that was a busy sense of life and activity usually attending [Crossed out text] the departing of [End crossed out text] a ship about starting on a long voyage. The warf along- side was piled with merchandise, which a number of men were engaged in stowing away in the hold and we at once added ourselves to an excited little knot of people who were engaged in shuffling their baggage about the deck and stowing it away in the cabin below. By the time that I had secured a berth, and got my baggage safely placed within it, it was time for John Flemming to leave to secure his train. I accompanied him to the depot, and assisted him to procure his ticket and then farewell. Now I felt lonely indeed, the last link and association was gone, and I was alone in the

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