farfel_n03_188_222

Nara 710-784
Nagaoka 784-794 Imperial capital
called Heian Kyoto 794-1868
Kamakura 1192-1313 Shogun's military capital
Edo 1603-1865 Administrative capital
renamed Tokyo 1868

1440 Paper production - Basel
* At what date paper from linen rags was 1st made is
still in controversy; but it is generally conceded that during
the latter 1/2 of the 14th C linen paper was largely made +
well made in the mills of Italy.
Sizing, although of service to the penman was of
slight benefit to the printer. Paper was "sized" in
manufacture by washing or bathing it with a very thin film
of glutinous water. To lessen the wear on types + make
the sheet more pliable under impression, printers
had to dampen sized paper before it could be
neatly printed. Properly treated by the printer
unsized paper showed the impression of type with even
greater sharpness + clearness.
Polland "if a half (or rather less) be added to the
height of a type page, + a half (or rather more)
to its breath, we have a fair approximation
to the size of an uncut copy."
-Between the yrs. 1000 + 1400 in the hands of the European papermakers,
cotton rags were accepted as the most available substitute for the barks +
fibers of the Orient. It was used for writing + correspondence. Linen
paper has always been prefaced for its claimed superior durability. *
- Paper selected for the early book was sudden exact or fairly square
It always had deckle or ragged edges. Early papers were not only
irregular as to size but were somewhat rhomboidal as to form.
Although the deckle edge was of no advantage to everyone, wide margins
were approved by the studious, for they were needed for
annotation + correction.