Travel Perspectives

Rents wet ld ^(as high as) 130 rupees an acre avg 60-75 rupees Dry ld [crossed out] on [end crossed out] (lgly by owners) 10 to 15 rupees

wages incsd not in proptn to other things

[???] to [Std?] stlmts

not much [???] to towns

Govt farmrs in many df ctrs of popn Hv bn extmly sucsfl Best method cultvn [wishes?] etc People tk up gt freely

421

not much dn by bltns & pamphlets

Agl laborer houses [framed?] palmyra [???] Eons to ground (used white [ants?] where can get it)

Brick [crossed out] of [end crossed out] or stone, tile roof

No chairs or tables

Here & there hv intrdcd [iron?] floors

Native floors lighter

work slowly [crowbar?] the ld, 12 inches deep for exprt crops lk sugar

cn or to cln ld frm dply rooted weeds costing 15 to 30 rupees per acre

Shallow soil, tropcl clmt not advsbl to stir dply

Rice gd ^(gd) wet lds (unhusked) sow to 4000 lbs per acre transplanted by hand [crossed out] one imprt [end crossed out] [Proetia?] 12 or 15 plts in bunch Expts show btr to plant singly Taken up by [natives?] Green [mangoes?] lignine

423

[???] [???] to be plowed under

cut with a sickle

[crossed out] and [end crossed out] [???] [???] [???] [???] straw [trdn?] by catl on hd pkd thrsgn flr

millets, sghms etc trd by ctl

[Loss?] by [burning?] cow manure

Tobacco very coarses [???] of India natives use snuff

very little maize mainly as vegetable (green corn)

oats & barley in hills (Mdras)

Barley for [???]

[???] far no [???] [???] [???] sfct no. of stdnts for agl collegs Gvn free ldgng & free tuition

Costs student 15 rupees [crossed out] clot [end crossed out] a month board

Fm laborer lv on 2 rupees a month

Many land ownders will go back to own land; some as mgrs; "[ditto] in ag Dp work

425

[crossed out] rs in prices [end crossed out] Stnds of living incsg

Comm. cmplt of okd-fshnd natives tht thr sons will not lv. as the father did

Cmg to use tea, coffee, boots, what flour, etc

[7?]6,000 Elemtry schools in Madras

lg no. [crossed out] [of?] [end crossed out] [rectly?] [paid?] by the Govt

Popn [???] [400?],000,000

widespread [disregard?] of sanitation; [resent?]

any intfc with the [???] in inststs of health

Plague in villages a gd deal

Peanuts chfly exptd to Europe

Blks 200 to 300 rupees a pair

Horses never lkly to supplt blks on farms

No cows used for plowing

Bflos much more milk than cows

Used chfly [???] cultvn

427

Avg tptr Madras 88 to 92 as high as 114 in shade

Not often over 110 anywhre Madras [???]

[???]; hvstg Rice before daybreak

Near [Madria?] Periyar System of irrigation on westn sd mtns, ^(lg) vally blocked by dam, tnl bored in hills & water brought out on eastn sd of mts, lg perennial [???] 250,000 to 300,000 acres

Madras Govt system

Tin [ni?] velli cotton 2d best Indn ctn

Broach (or Surrat) ^(best)

Broach cotton practically on par with Amcn ctn (slg within [???] anyhow)

([Corn-agr?] [Madura?] bullocks)

429

wages Mad[crossed out]ras a[end crossed out][overwritten]ura[end overwritten] Madura up to 4 or 5 years ago 4 annas now 6

Towns go as high (marvelous!) as 8 annas

Cost bldg 1 family 100 Rupees