Resurrecting the First American West

The Farmer's Library or OHIO INTELLIGENCER. LOUISVILLE, (FALLS OF OHIO) PRINTED BY SAMUEL VAIL. VOL. II. THURSDAY, MAY 6, 1802. NO. LXIX. [Published by Authority] - SEVENTH CONGRESS of the UNITED STATES, at the first session, Begun and held at the city of Wafhing ton. in the Territory of Columbia, on Monday, the Seventh of December, One Thoufand Eight Hundred and One. - AN ACT to amend an act, entitled "An act to lay and collect a direct tax within the United States." BE it enacted by the Senate & Houfe of Reprefentatives of the United States of America, in congrefs affembled, that the collectors in each diftrict fhall prepare and tranfmit to their refpective fupervifors, current lifts of all lands within their refpective collection diftricts, which by the act paffed the 14th day of July, and one thoufand feven hundred and ninety eight, intiroled "An act to lay & collect a direct tax whithin the United States, " they now are or hereafter fhall be authorifed to advertife for fale, fpecifying therein, the perfons in whofe names the affeffments were originally made, & the fums doe therein refpectively; of which lifts it fhall be the duty of the fupervifor, in all cafes, to caufe forrect tranfcripts to be made out, and to caufe to be inferted for five weeks fueceffively, in one or more newfpapers pulifhed within his diftrict, one of which fhall be the gazette in which are publifhed by authority, the laws of the ftate within whofe limits the fsid dfstrict may be comprized, if there by any fuch gazette, a notification, that fuch tranfcripts are lodged at his office, and are open to the free infpection of all parties concerned; and alfo notifying, that the tax doe upon the faid lands may be paid to the collector within whofe divifion the aforelaid lands are contained, of the fupervifor of the diftrict, at any time within the fpace of fix months from the date of fuch notification, and the time when, and places where fales will be made of all lands upon which any part of the direct tax fall remain due af§2. And be it further enacted, That in cafe of failure on the part of the owner or owners of the aforefaid lands net the expiration of the time aforefaid, to pay within the aforefaid time, the full amount of the tax due thereon, the collectors under the directions. & with approbation of their refpective fupervifors, fall immediately proceed to fell at public fale, at the times and places mentioned in the advertifement of the fupervifors, fo much of the lands aforefaid as may be fufficient to fatisfy the fame, together with all the cofts and charges of preparing lifts, advertifing and notifying as a forefaid, and of fales.

§3. And be it further enacted, That the aforefaid tax, including all cofts and charges as aforefaid, fhall be and remain a lieu upon all lands, and other real eftate on which the fame ho been afftfed until the tax due up n the fame, including the cofts and char ges, fhall have been cllected, or unto a fale fhall have been effected, according to the prorifions of this act or af the act to which this is a fupple ment. §4. And be it further enacted, That in all cafes wherein any tract of land may have been affeffed in one affeff ment, which, as the time when fuch affeffment was made, was actually divided into two or more diftinct parcels, each parcel having one or more distinct proprietory or proprietors, it fhall be the duty of the collector to receive in manner aforefaid, from any proprietory of proprietors thus fituated, his or their proportion of the tax due upon such tract, and thereupon, the the land of the proprietor proprietors, upon which the tax fhall have been thus paid, fhall he forever difcharged from any part of the tax due under the original affeffment. §5. And be it further enacted, That in any cafe in which it may have happened that lands actually belonging to one perfon, may have been, or hereafter fhall be affeffed in the name of another, and no fale of the fame fhall yet have been made, the fame proceedings fhall be had for the fale of the aforefaid lands, in order to raife the tax affeffed in relation to the fame, as is provided by the eleventh fection of the act to which this is a fupplement, in the cafe of lands affeffed, the owner whereof is unknown; and fuch fale fhall transfer and pafs to the purchafer, a good and effectual title. §6. And be it further enacted, That the right of redemption referved to the owners of lands and tenements fold under this act, or the act to which this is a fupplement, fhall in no wife. be affected or impaired; Provided always, that the owners of lands, which fhall thus be fold after the paffing of this act, in order to avail themfelves of that right, fhall make payment or render of payment, within two years from the time of fale, for the ufe of the purchafer, his heirs, or affigns, of the amount of the faid tax, cofts, and charges, with the intereft for the fame, at the rate of twenty five per cent. per annum. §7. And be it further enacted, That the fecretary of the treafury shall be and hereby is authorized and empowered, under the direction of the Prefident of the United States, to augment the compenfation fixed by law, for the commiffioner, or for the principal and affistant affeffors, or either of them in any divifion where it may be found neceffary for carrying into effect the act, entitled "an act to provide for the valuation of lands and dwellingplaces, and the enumeration of flaves within the United States," fo howev er, as that the commiffioner fhall in no cafe recieve more than five dollar per day, which additional corpera tion fhall be fubject to the fame rules of fettlement as are eftablifhed by the laft aforefaid. NATHANIEL MACON. Speaker of the Houfe of Reprefentatives. AARON BURR. Vice Prefident of the United States, & Prefident of the Senate. Approved, March 16, 1802 TH JEFFERSON, Prefident of the United States. - Congress of the United States. SENATE. Thursday Jan. 14, 1802. DEBATE an Afr. Breckenridge's motion to repeal the act paffed last feffon for a new organization of the JUDICIARY SYSTEM. [Mr. Morris, in continuation] In this increafe of numbers, with a ftill greater increafe of wealth, with the extenfion of our commerce and progrefs of the area, it was evident that although a great many tribunals would become neceffary, it was impoffable to determine either on the precife number or the moft convenient form. The convention did not pretend to this prefeience; but, had they poffeffed it, would it have been proper to have eftablifhed then all the tribunals neceffary for all future times? Would it have been wife to have planted courts among the Chickafaws, the Chocktaws, the Cherokees, the Tufcaroras, and God knows how many more, becaufe at fome future day the regions over which they roam might be cultivated by policed men? Was it not proper, wife and neceffary to leave in the difcretion of congrefs, the number and the kind of courts which they might find it proper to eftablifh for the purpofe defignated by the conflitution. this fimple flatement of facts, facts of public notoriety, is alone a fufficient comment on and explication of the word on which gentlemen have fo much relied. The convention in framing, the people in adopting this comapct, fay the judicial power fhall extend to many cafes, the original cognizance whereof fhall be by the interior courts; but it is neither neceffary, nor even poffible, now to determine their number or their form; that effential power therefore fhall veft in fuch inferior courts as the congrefs may from time to time, in the progreffion of time and according to the inditation of circumftances, eftablifh.- Nor provide, ordain, or determine, not eftablifh. Not a mere temporary provifion, but an eftablifhment. If after this it had faid in general terms, that judges fhould hold their offices during good behavior, could a doubt have exifted on the interpretation of this act, under all its attending circumftances, that the judges of the inferior covers were intended, as well as thofe of the Supreme court? But did the framers of the confitution flop there? Is there then nothing more? Did they refque on thefe pramnatieal niceties the fate of America? Did they sit here the moft important branch of our government? Little important, indeed, as to foreign danger; but infinitely valuable to out domeftic police and to our perfonal protection against the opprefion of the rulers. No. Left a doubt fhould be raifed, they have carefully connected the judges of both courts in the fame fentence; they have faid "the judges both of the fupreme and interior courts," thus coupling them inferperably together. You can cut the bands, but you can never untie them. With falutary caution they devifed this claufe, to arreft the everbearing tentper which they knew belonged to legiflative bodies. they do not fay the judges finply, but the judges of the fupreme and inferior courts fhall hold their offices during good behavior.- They fay therefore to the legiflature you may judge of the prepriery, the utility, the neceffity of organizing thefe courts; but when eftablifhed you have done your duty. Anticipating the courfe of paffion in future times they fay to the legiflature, you fhall not difgrace yourfelves by exhibiting the indecent fpectacle of judges eftablifhed by one legiflature removed by another. We will fave you alfo from yourfelves. We fay here judges fhall hold their offices: and furely, fir, to pretend that they can hold their office after the office is deftroyed is contemptible. The framers of this confliction had feen much, read much and deeply reflected. They knew by experience the violence of pupular bodies, and let it be remembered that fince that day many of the ftates, taught by experience, have found it neceffary to change their forms of government to avoid the effects of that violence.- The convention contemplated the very act you now attempt. They knew alfo the jealoufy and the power of the ftates; and they eftablifhed for your and for their protection, this moft important department. I beg gentlemen to hear and to remember what I fay. It is this department alone, and it is the independence alone of this department, which can face you from civil war. Yes, fir, adopt the language of gentlemen, fay with them, by the act to which you are urged, "if we cannot remove the judges we can destroy them." Eftablifh thus the dependence of the judiciary department. Who will refort to them for protection againft you? Who will confide in, who will be board by their decrees? Are we then to refort to the ultimate reafn of Kings! Are our arguments By from the mounts of our cannon?

of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, has named for their Plenipotentiary, Rufus King, Esq. Minister Plenipotentiary of the said United States, to his Britanic majesty, who have agreed to and concluded the following articles:

Art. 1. In satisfaction and discharge of the money which the United States might been liable to pay in pursuance of the provisions of the said 6th article which is hereby declared to be cancelled and annulled, except so far as the same may relate to the execution of the said 7th article, the United States of America hereby engage to pay, and his Britannic majesty consents to accept for the use of the persons described in the said 6th article, 600,000 pounds sterling, payable at the time & place and in the manner following, that is to say, the said 600,000l. sterling shall be paid at the City of Washington in three annual instalments of 200,000l. sterling each, and to such person or persons as shall be authorized by his Britannic majesty to receive the same; the first of the said instalments to be paid at the expiration of one year; the second instalment at the expiration of two years, and the third and last instalment at the expiration of three years next following the exchange of the ratifications of this convention: and to prevent any disagreement concerning the rate of exchange, the said payments shall be paid in the money of the United States, reckoning 4 dollars and 44 cents to be equal to one pound sterling.

Art. 2. Whereas it is agreed by the fourth article of the definitive treasty of peace, concluded at Paris on the third day of September 1793, between his Britannic majesty and the United States that creditors on the other side should meet with no lawful impediments to the recovery of the full value in sterling money of all bonafide debts theretofore contracted, it is hereby declared that the said fourth article, so far as it respects its future operation, it is hereby recognized, confirmed, & declared to be binding and obligatory upon his Britannic majesty & the said U. States, & the same shall be accordingly observed with punctuality and good faith. - And so the said creditors shall hereafter meet with no lawful impediment to the recovery of the full value in sterling money of their bonafied debts.

Art. 3. It is furthermore agreed & concluded that the commissioners appointed in pursuance of the seventh article of the said treaty of amity, commerce and navigation, and whose proceedings have been suspended as aforesaid, shall immediately after the signature of this convention, reassemble & proceed in the execution of their duties according to the provisions of the said seventh article, except only that instead of the sums awarded by the said commissioners being made payable at the time or times by them appointed, all sums of money by them awarded to be paid to America or British claimants, according to the provisions of the said seventh article, shall be made payable in three equal instalments, the first whereof to be paid at the expiration of one year, & the second at the expiration of two years, and the third and last at the expiration of three years, next after the exchange of the ratifications of this convention.

Art. 4. This convention when the same shall have been ratified by his majesty and the President of the Uni. ted States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate therefore & the respective ratifications duly exchanged, shall be binding and obligatory upon his majesty and the said United States. In faith whereof, we the un dersigned Plenipotentiaries of his Bri tannic majesty and of the United States of America, by virtue of our respective full powers, have signed the present convention, and have caused the seals of our arms to be affixed thereto.

Done at London the 8th day of Jan. 1802. L.S. HAWKESBURY. L.S. RUFUS KING.

NEW-YORK, April 10.

The ship Liberty, from Liverpool, arrived at this port last evening. She left Liverpool on the 3d March, at which time no intelligence had been received there of the signing of the definitive treaty. Superfine flour was selling at 38 to 40 shillings.

The letters by the Liberty will not be delivered from the post office until this morning. Her London papers are to the 25th Feb. which, as we are informed by a passenger on board, contain no news.

We learn from New Orleans, by Capt. Sesson, that an embargo was to be laid on all vessels in that port, on the 12th of March, by order of the French government; & that a French commandant for New Orleans was hourly expected.

PHILADELPHIA, April 16.

INTERESTING INFORMATION.

Advices were yesterday received from the Havanna, which announce that the court of Madrid have granted permission for the exportation of specie, free duty, from the Spanish dominions, for the purchase of shipping. This information we derive from an authority, next to official.

The foregoing intelligence we presume is of considerable magnitude to the merchants of the United States; as in consequence of the peace in Europe, we are in possession of a great surplusage of shipping, which hereby we shall be enabled to dispose of to advantage.

An article from Genoa, dated the 25th Jan. says:

"If we may give credit to letters from Tunis the grand seignior has given notice to all the powers of Barbary, that they must at a fixed period release all the Slaves in their posses sion, of whatsoever nation they may be.

==NATCHEZ, March 17.== PRICES CURRENT.

Wanted Immediately,

As apprentices to the cabinet-making business, one or two Boys 15 or 16 years of age, that can come well recommnended. JAMES S. WAIDE. Louisville, May 3d, 1802.

LOUISVILLE May 6, 1802.

My Dear Fellow Countrymen, When the artillery of a garrison is hard to be dismounted, no wonder if long time he taken in preparing for an assault. But as the great gun Competency is not to be found in the garrison F-d, it is to be hoped that the people of Jefferson will no longer trust in that fortification.

There is neither difficulty nor glory in sacking a fort where the guns are charged with squibs and the soldiers destitute of a wise commander, therefore Gen. Philanthropy intends to encamp until Gen. Goodsense takes the command of the garrison F-d, & then if he cannot take it by storm he will endeavor to undermine it.

A MORALIST, Metamorphosed into a SOLDIER.

SACRED TO THE MUSES. I make no doubt but you have seen, The playful boys upon the green Choose out two dogs, & for their fun, Encourage, clap, and hiss them on - Furious they growl and snap, not bite, So war the quills when dunces write.

The Subscriber has for Sale a large quantity of Writing Paper of an excellent qality, which he will dispose of on very moderate terms by the Ream or single quire -

Also a quantity of Medium and Royal Retrieve, suitable for wrapping paper for Merchants, Hatters, &c.

Also, a number of Blank Books of different discriptions. SAMUEL VAIL.

N. B. Those who are indebted to me for Books, Advertising, or Subscriptions to the FARMER's LIBRARY, are requested to make payment by the first of June next, at which time I have a particular demand to satisfy. S VAIL.

Taken up by Enoch Davis, Jefferson County, on the Transylvania Saminary lands, waters of Goose- Creek, a Dark Brown Mare, supposed to be three years old this spring, the brand dire, but supposed thus G.B. both hind feet white, above the pasture joints, a small bell fastened on with a leather collar sewed with a buckskin whang - Appraised to L 6 15 s.

Also a dark Iron Grey Filly, supposed to be 2 years old this spring, the near hind foot white, no brand perceivable, a star and long snip extending from her right nostril up towards the star - Appraised to L 6 by John Core and George White, before me the 16th day of March, 1802. W. WHITE, J.P. A Copy - Teste, WORDEN POPe, Cl'k.

NOTICE,

That the Plantation and Tract of Land upon which the late JOHN THRUSTON resided, in Jefferson County, is for sale. This tract of land is part of an old Military Survey, ,and a deed with general warranty will be made to the purchaser. The price and manner of payment may be kown by applying to Mr. Thos. January of Lexington; or to Col. Alexander S. Bullitt, or the Subscriber of Jefferson County, who are authorized by the will of the decedent to sell the said property. EDMUND H. TAYLOR, Executor. May 4th, 1802. 69-2m.

To all whom it may concern.

Whereas the Securities of Frederick Bartlett, late High Sheriff of the County of Jefferson, are likely to suffer greatly in consequence of the perplexed situation of the said Bartlett's affairs; they therefore have agreed to meet on Tuesday the 18th Instant, at the Office of Worden Pope, Esp. in Louisville, in order to come to an agreement among themselves to make arrangements for the payment of the arrearages of said Bartlett. All persons having claims against said Sheriff are requested to meet the Securities on said day. Fred. Geiger, Adam Hoke, John Miller, Ro: M'Kown Louisville, May 6th, 1802. N. B

All the Securities are requested to attend on that day.

FOR SALE, A likely Negro Woman and Child, about 20 or 25 years old, a good hand for House work or to work in the field. Any person inclining to purchase for terms apply to Mr. John Nelson, Louisville, or John Murphy, in Bruer's Town.

ILLINOIS GRANT LAND.

I have five or six tracts of Land lying in the Illinois Grant, some equal to any, which I will dispose of for Cash or Negroes. MARSTON G. CLARK. April 22d, 1802 671f

I do hereby forewarn all persons from fishing or angling on Rock Island at the lower end of the Falls of Ohio, unless they shall have obtained a permission from myself or agents for that purpose. NICHOLAS MERIWETHER. 26th April, 1802.

One hundred and fifty Dollars Reward.

On new year's night, the Subscribers' store in Alexandria, (Potomac) was broke open and robbed of about 1000 dollars worth of property, viz- 100 dollars in silver, 2 pieces of blue cloths, 2 pieces of smoke, 1 piece of brown mixture, 1 piece of black mixture, and 1 piece of London brown cloths, (mostly superfine) a variety of striped and cross-barred swansdown, cassimers, dimities, mersailles, camels-hair tambored shawls, also brown silk shawls with fring, red, chocolate colored, and blue bandannas, and yellew flag silk handkerchiefs, black and light colored sewing silk, a variety of stockings, consisting of womens, blue stockings with white clocks, also woments' white worsted, and mens' fancy cotton stockings, many pieces sprigged muslins, marked with a black-lead pencil, thus ol. Al. on the outside of the pieces, and many more goods not remembered. The above reward will be paid for the property and robbers convicted, or one hundred dollars for the property alone. The persons suspected, are two white men, in short blue, and a mulatto, in light dress; were seen about 50 miles from Marietta, moving towards the river Ohio.

Jona. & Mahlo Scholfield Alexandria, March 8, 1802.

The printers in Kentucky are requested to insert this in their papers.