farfel_n01_165_064

BV 173 D 28 P. 80 - 1972 JG Davies (Stanford Ref.)
A. The mass 1) The sacramentary - the celebrants book.
2) antiphonal misarum - contained all the sung
proportions of both the offices + the mass. The material to be
used in celebrating the eucharist was called the
antiphon missarum or graduale.
Medieval + Roman Catholic 3) The lectionary - contained the apistles + gospels
read at mass
4) The missal - a book which resulted from
fusion of the above 3.
B. The divine office
1) The psalter - a distribution of the psalms for
liturgical use over a period of a week or
according to feasts
2) The sntiphonal - Contained the antiphons + responds of the divine office
*75 3) The hymnal - the collection of hymns used at the celebration of the office
4) The breviary (fusion of 1-3.)

Late in the 1st greater of the quarter of the 11th C, a stave of 3 or 4 lines
(2 black, with yellow + with red) was invented + propagated by
the Benedictine monk, Guido of Arezzo. Stave of 4 lines of
the same color, either red or black were used in the early
polyphonic settings where they were reserved for the Tenor,
ie. The voice which sung the Gregorian melody. Shortly
after the middle fo the 13th C. the stave was adapted
in the liturgical books of the friars + in the origin of
the modern stave.
Neumes - derive from Greek accents + show the rise + fall
in pitch of the melody. Neumes are found in manuscripts
from the 8th to the 13th C, when they were replaced by
stave notation.
The attempts at expressing the intervals of a melody required
that the neumes should be carefully placed + consequently,