30

23

a spot has a particular point on its periphery appropriated to
each and every one of its blanks. Those points, which, you will observe, are mere places, and
are not marked, are called the hooks of the
spot. But if a marked point, which we have
agreed shall assert the existence of an individual,
be put in that place which is a
hook of a graph, it must assert that some
thing is the corresponding individual whose
name might fill the blank of the rheme.
Thus

• gives • to • in exchange for •

will mean “something gives something to something i
n exchange for something.”

Now let us further agree that a heavily marked
line , all whose points are ipso facto
heavily marked and therefore denote individuals,
shall be a graph asserting the identity of all
the individuals denoted by its points. Then

will mean that there is a ripe pear,
that is, something is a pear
and that very same thing is ripe.