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in 1891 by W. S. Scarborough, a teacher at Wilberforce University. Sacarborough wrote:

"The trouble is that the negro is advancing too rapidly for many of the whiteliners of the South, and there is a determination to call a halt. Consequently, all sorts of schemes are designed to impede the progress of the blacks . . . . The negro has been patient - yes, more than that. He has postrated himself at the feet of the government, and has remonstrated with it to give him protection in the enjoyment of his rights. The government has failed to do its duty, in that it has disregarded his request . . . .

"The end is not yet. In fact, the struggle has just begun. The blacks themselves intend to have something to say as to what shall be done with them. They intend to have a hand inthe settlement of the question, and until they do the question iwll never be settled . . .

"He has seen so many broken pledges, violations of oaths, and disregard for public platforms and public declarations on the part