9

THE CHARTOGRAPHY OF NEW ZEALAND. 5

the Harbour and City of Auckland, the Capital of New
Zealand, with the districts of the rivers Kaipara, Waitemata,
Tamaki, Wairoa, Waihou or Thames, Mercury Bay, Kawia,
Piako, Waipa, Waikato, Manukau, Tauranga, etc., compiled
from various sources by J. Arrowsmith, 1842 (with branch
maps: Auckland the Capital of New Zealand, surveyed by
Felton Matthew, Surveyor-General of New Zealand, 1841;
and a Trigonometrical Survey of the Harbour of the Waite-
mata and the Isthmus which separates the waters of the
Thames from those of the Manukau, by Captain Owen Stanley,
R.N., and Felton Matthew, 1841); the maps of Dieffenbach's
travels, by Arrowsmith, &c.

All the maps and surveys of New Zealand existing before
1848, consisted of disconnected fragments; but it must be
remembered that it is a country of an area of not less than
630 square miles larger than the present Kingdom of Italy.*

The important survey of the New Zealand coast was under-
taken by the command of the English Admiralty, under the
direction of Captain J. Lort Stokes and Commander Byron
Drury, in the surveying ships "Acheron" and "Pondora,"
and occupied a period of eight years, from 1848 to 1855, and
now forms one of the most magnificent of the many produc-
tions of the English navy. Besides the above-named com-
manders, the following officers were engaged in this work:
Commander G. H. Richards, F. J. Evans, R. Bradshaw, J. W.
Smith, P. W. Oke, R. Burnett, H. Kerr, W. Blackney,
H. Ellis, A. Farmer, C. Stanley, J. M. Pridham, D. Pender,
J. W. Hamilton, and C. Kettle. The result of this survey
occupies fifty sheets, thirty-three of which are in the large
chart formula (double elephant). They are carefully engraved
on copper, and were published in twelve years, from 1850 to
1861, in the following series: - fourteen sheets were published
from 1850 to 1856, twenty-one sheets in the year 1857, and
twelve from 1858 to 1861. Some sheets contain several plans
in various scales, from the smallest 1:1.750.000 to the largest
1:5000. In the smallest size is published the general chart,

* The area of New Zealand is 4,703 German, and that of Italy 4,674
German square miles.
B2