7

I.
OBSERVATIONS UPON THE CHARTOGRAPHY OF
NEW ZEALAND.

BY DR. A. PETERMANN.

The History and Progress of the Geographical Knowledge
and Chartography of New Zealand may be classified into
four periods:--
1642, The discovery by Tasman.
1769, The investigation and survey by Cook.
1848, Survey by the English Admiralty.
1859, Commencement of the surveys in the interior by
F. von Hochstetter and Julius Haast.

The Dutch navigator, Abel Jansen Tasman, discovered
New Zealand on the 13th December, 1642, observing from
the westward the clouded summits of the Southern
Alps. He sailed along the coast passing Cook's Straits
and the Northern Island up to the Three Kings. Although
he saw the greater part of the West Coast of New Zealand,
the result of his observations was very incomplete and
erroneous, which is proved by the fact that he considered New
Zealand as a part of the Terra Australis Incognita which,
according to his supposition, stretched to the far east, and was
connected with the South Cape of America.

The knowledge of New Zealand made no advance for
nearly a century, until the time when Cook anchored at
Tauranga, Poverty Bay, on the East Coast, on the 8th of
October, 1769; and it was on this his first visit and his second
and third (1773-74, 1779), that he investigated New Zealand,
sailed round it, and finished a survey of its entire coast. New
Zealand was visited nearly at the same time as two French
navigators, viz.: - in December, 1769, by Captain Surville,
and in the year 1772 by the unfortunate Captain Marion, who
B